Dunaliella salina and D. bardawil are well-known microalgae accumulating high levels of beta-carotene under growth-limiting conditions. In both taxa, this pigment is primarily composed of the isomers 9-cis and all-trans. The 9-cis beta-carotene occurs only in natural sources and is the most attractive from a commercial point of view. The conditions that enhance the preferred accumulation of 9-c...

The inhibition of photosynthesis by O(2) in air-grown Chlorella pyrenoidosa was investigated using three experimental techniques (artificial leaf, aqueous method, and O(2) electrode) to measure carbon assimilation. CO(2) response curves were determined under different O(2), pH, and temperature conditions. Regardless of the experimental technique and condition, O(2) inhibition was not evident un...

The American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana is invasive in the Mediterranean region where it has displaced native species (the sexual A. salina, and the clonal A. parthenogenetica) from many salt pond complexes. Artemia populations are parasitized by numerous avian cestodes whose effects have been studied in native species. We present a study from the Ebro Delta salterns (NE Spain), in a salt...

PURPOSE Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight is known to be a risk factor for human corneal damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Dunaliella salina (D. salina) on UVB radiation-induced corneal oxidative damage in male imprinting control region (ICR) mice. METHODS Corneal oxidative damage was induced by exposure to UVB radiation at 560 μW/cm(2). ...

In addition to meeting nutritional requirements, breast milk plays important roles in biodefense for nursing infants. Dioxins have been detected at high concentrations in breast milk, raising concerns about disorders in nursing infants caused by breast milk containing dioxins in Japan. We analyzed dioxin levels in breast milk and maternal blood samples from 35 pregnant women in Japan. We also m...

Increasing evidence shows that eukaryotic microalgae and, in particular, the green microalga Chlorella, can be used as natural sources to obtain a whole variety of compounds, such as omega (ω)-3 and ω-6 polyunsatured fatty acids (PUFAs). Although either beneficial or toxic effects of Chlorella sorokiniana have been mainly attributed to its specific ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs content, the underlying mole...

Decreases in saliva secretion compromise food mastication and swallowing, reduce mucosal immune function, and increase the risk for oral diseases like dental caries. Chlorella is a green alga that contains a variety of nutrients including amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. In our previous study, Chlorella-derived multicomponent supplementation did not affect salivary flow rates in healthy you...

Dunaliella salina (D. salina) is a potential source of lipids and subsequent biodiesel production. However lipid production from dependent on biomass production rate and lipid content. To get more lipid, production efficiency need to be improved. The aim was to application of two-stage culture strategy for improved microalgal growth and lipid Production. In this study the culture was grown unde...

The variation of the lipophilic (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) and hydrophilic (glutathione and ascorbic acid) antioxidant contents, and the activities of antioxidant enzyme such superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), as well as cellular malonaldehyde and stable radicals of D. salina in response to ultraviolet B (UV-B radiation 290-320 nm) and secondary carotenoid indu...

This work evaluates the possibility of applying enzymatic beech wood (Fagus sylvatica) hydrolysate as a feedstock for Chlorella sorokiniana growth, and fatty acid and pigment production. Beech wood solids were pretreated with NaOH at high temperature to partially remove xylose and Klason lignin, and enable production of glucose during subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Neutralized wood enzymatic ...