Chocolate production suffered a vast impact with the emergence of the "witches' broom" disease in cocoa plants. To recover cocoa production, many disease-resistant hybrid plants have been developed. However, some different cocoa hybrids produce cocoa beans that generate chocolate with variable quality. Fermentation of cocoa beans is a microbiological process that can be applied for the producti...

Rhodococcus fascians, a phytopathogen that alters plant development, inflicts significant losses in plant production around the world. We report here the complete genome sequence of R. fascians D188, a well-characterized model isolate, and Rhodococcus species PBTS (pistachio bushy top syndrome) 1 and 2, which were shown to be responsible for a disease outbreak in pistachios.

The common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a key pest in pistachio orchards in Iran. Chemical control is a common method to manage this pest. Compatibility between natural enemies and pesticides is a primary concern in programs of integrated pest management of the psyllid pest. In this research, susceptibility of fifth instar nymphs of A...

In pistachio nuts, aflatoxin is mainly concentrated in the green hull-cracked nuts in the orchard even prior to harvest. However, during the hull-removal process, the hulls of all nuts including the cracked, identifiable nuts are removed causing an important characterization criterion of the contaminated nuts, to be lost. This, in turn, makes it harder to detect the contaminated nuts. However, ...

Entrepreneurial Performance and Export Marketing Capabilities on Pistachio with the Moderating Role of Inefficient Competition

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of peer monitoring on generosity in boys and girls aged 6-12 years. A total of 120 elementary school students played a one-shot dictator game (DG) with and without peer monitoring by classmates. Children decided how to divide 10 chocolates between themselves and a classmate either in a condition in which their allocations were visible to their...

In recent years, the rice cake market has grown considerably in terms of research and development products suitable for consumer needs beneficial to health at same time. Since outbreak COVID-19, number consumers consuming antioxidant-rich foods immunity-boosting improve promote healthy eating habits increased. Pistachio cakes have been tested found be high polyphenols, which good antioxidant ac...

OBJECTIVE Habitual chocolate intake was recently found to be associated with lower body weight in three cross-sectional epidemiological studies. Our objective was to assess whether these cross-sectional results hold up in a more rigorous prospective analysis. METHODS We used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort. Usual dietary intake was assessed by questionnaire at baselin...

Isolation of Haemophilus influenzae from specimens contaminated with upper respiratory tract microbial flora was attempted with three different media: enriched chocolate agar, chocolate agar plus vancomycin, and chocolate agar plus vancomycin, bacitracin, and clindamycin. Recovery rates of H. influenzae from 852 pediatric pharyngeal swab specimens were 6.0, 28.5, and 59.9%, respectively.