The choroid plexus epithelium forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and accumulates essential minerals and heavy metals. Choroid plexus is cited as being a "sink" for heavy metals and excess minerals, serving to minimize accumulation of these potentially toxic agents in the brain. An understanding of how low doses of contaminant metals might alter transport of other solutes in the choroid...

two hundred and forty hubbard classic broiler chicks were used in a 35 day trial at chittagong veterinary and animal science university farm, bangladesh to study the effects of supplemental choline chloride on performance parameters, carcass characteristics and their association in commercial broiler. all birds had free access to ad libitum feeding. birds were fed four types of diet i.e. diet w...

Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by different species of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium, with P. falciparum being the deadliest. Increasing parasitic resistance to existing antimalarials makes the necessity of novel avenues to treat this disease an urgent priority. The enzymes responsible for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine are attractive drug ta...

Two hundred and forty Hubbard Classic broiler chicks were used in a 35 day trial at Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Science University farm, Bangladesh to study the effects of supplemental choline chloride on performance parameters, carcass characteristics and their association in commercial broiler. All birds had free access to ad libitum feeding. Birds were fed four types of diet i.e. diet w...

Abnormal choline metabolism serves as a marker associated with oncogenesis and tumour progression. 11Cand 18F-labeled choline are positron emission tomography (PET) tracers used to study choline uptake. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS) can detect choline and choline metabolites non-invasively; increased levels of these compounds serve as biomarkers of transformation, staging and r...

The FIC motif and the eukaryotic-like ankyrin repeats are found in many bacterial type IV effectors, yet little is known about how these domains enable bacteria to modulate host cell functions. Bacterial FIC domains typically bind ATP and transfer adenosine monophosphate moiety onto target proteins. The ankyrin repeat-containing protein AnkX encoded by the intracellular pathogen Legionella pneu...

Choline dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine via betaine aldehyde as intermediate. Biotechnological applications of glycine betaine in transgenic plant improvement have been shown to have enhanced tolerance towards hypersalinity and freezing. It can also restore and maintain osmotic balance of living cells under stress. In this study, choline dehydrogenase (betA) ...

Since, choline chloride caking causes serious operating difficulties and customer complaints, two experiments were conducted to optimize in vitro production of a novel encapsulated choline chloride (ECC) with minimum hygroscopic property and optimize delivery in gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The in vivo verification test of ECC was used to compare it with the commercial choline chloride (CC) in...

the construction and performance of an amperometric microbiosensor for the determination of choline chloride by immobilizing choline oxidase on a cellulose acetate membrane are described. the procedure of choline determination involved the electrochemical detection of enzymatically generated hydrogen peroxide. this microsensor has a linear response between 0.038-0.1 mm choline chloride. the res...