Leukocyte cultures of human peripheral blood were chronically exposed for 48 h to tritiated water and [3H]thymidine using a wide range of tritium doses, and aberrations in lymphocyte chromosomes at the first metaphases were examined. In the experimental conditions, the types of aberrations induced by radiation emitted from both tritiated water and [3H]thymidine were mostly chromatid types, such...

Sister chromatid exchanges, a sensitive measure of chromosome damage, were counted in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 23 patients with juvenile chronic arthritis receiving long term, low dose chlorambucil treatment. Thirty five patients with juvenile chronic arthritis who had not been treated with cytotoxic drugs served as controls. All of the treated patients have cells with abnormal sister ...

Drosophila Pimples (PIM) and Three rows (THR) are required for sister chromatid separation in mitosis. PIM accumulates during interphase and is degraded rapidly during mitosis. This degradation is dependent on a destruction box similar to that of B-type cyclins. Nondegradable PIM with a mutant destruction box can rescue sister chromatid separation in pim mutants but only when expressed at low l...

Root growth, G2 length, and the frequency of aberrant mitoses and apoptotic nuclei were recorded after a single X-ray irradiation, ranging from 2.5 to 40 Gy, in Allium cepa L. root meristematic cells. After 72 h of recovery, root growth was reduced in a dose-dependent manner from 10 to 40 Gy, but not at 2.5 or 5 Gy doses. Flow cytometry plus TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) showed th...

Intercalator-induced DNA strand breaks in mammalian cells represent topoisomerase II:DNA complexes trapped by intercalators. These complexes are detected as protein-associated DNA single-strand breaks (SSB) and DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) by filter elution. Using Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79 cells) that were treated for 30 min with various concentrations of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)meth...

Asbestos and other mineral fibers have long been known to induce lung cancer and mesothelioma. However, the primary mechanisms of fiber-induced carcinogenesis still remain unclear. We investigated the occurrence of mitotic disturbances induced by asbestos (amosite, crocidolite, chrysotile) in an in vitro approach using Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblast cells. The following endpoints were i...

background: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) constitutes a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of immature lymphoblasts arrested at various differentiation stages. increasing evidence suggests that chromosomal defects are present in these patients. the aim of this study is to investigate the chromosomal radiosensitivity in a group of all pa...

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a condition of immune dysregulation characterized by severe organ damage induced hyperinflammatory response and uncontrolled T-cell macrophage activation. Patients with Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia (AML) may be prone to develop HLH. lymphohistiocytosis syndrome in AMLpatients an abnormal complex karyotyping can worsen the patients' prognosis outcome. A...

The transposable Dissociation (Ds) element of maize was first discovered as a site of high-frequency chromosome breakage. Because both Ds-mediated breakage and transposition require the presence of the Activator (Ac) element, it has been suggested that chromosome breakage may be the outcome of an aberrant transposition event. This idea is consistent with the finding that only complex structures...

Objectives: To identify (1) the prevalence of condom breakage, and demographic and sexuality-related differences among young men who have sex with women reporting and not reporting this event; (2) condomspecific behaviours associated with breakage. Methods: Young men (n = 278) attending a clinic for treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) responded to an anonymous questionnaire aide...