Studies on the regulation of gene expression have frequently used the βgalactosidase (β-gal) coding sequence (lacZ) from Escherichia coli as a reporter gene. A more recent application for lacZ gene fusions has been to detect and analyze protein-protein interactions using the yeast two-hybrid system (4). The chromogenic β-gal substrate 5bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (X-gal) is o...

The substrate of solar cells with high haze, transparent, flexible, green and low coatings will be needed in the future. This paper reports a method for ultraviolet-assisted delignification wood an alkaline solution environment to improve transmittance “transparent wood”. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction image (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy transmitta...

Two targeted chromogenic octapeptide combinatorial libraries, comprised of 38 pools each containing 361 different peptides, were used to analyze the enzyme/substrate interactions of five plasmepsins. The first library (P1 library) was based on a good synthetic aspartic peptidase substrate [Westling, J., Cipullo, P., Hung, S. H., Saft, H., Dame, J. B., and Dunn, B. M. (1999) Protein Sci. 8, 2001...

BACKGROUND Detection of enzyme activity or transgene expression offers potential insight into developmental biology, disease progression, and potentially personalized medicine. Historically, the lacZ gene encoding the enzyme beta-galactosidase has been the most common reporter gene and many chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates are well established, but limited to histology or in vitro assays....

An assessment of elastase-substrate kinetics and adsorption at the solid-liquid interface of peptide-bound resin was made in an approach to the solid-phase detection of human neutrophil elastase (HNE), which is found in high concentration in chronic wound fluid. N-succinyl-alanine-alanine-proline-valine-p-nitroanilide (suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-pNA), a chromogenic HNE substrate, was attached to glyci...

approved: Redacted for Privacy W. E. Sandine p-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (p-Pgal) was examined in a number of lactic streptococci using the chromogenic substrate o-n itrophenyl -p-D-galactopyranoside -6-phosphate (ONPG -6 -p). Specific activity of p-Pgal ranged from 0.563 units/mg protein in Streptococcus lactis UN, to 0.120 in S. diacetilactis 18-16. Essentially no p-D-galactosidas...

Sugar metabolism by Streptococcus mutans is associated with tooth decay. The most abundant sugars in the human diet are sucrose and maltose, a derivative of starch. Previously, we reported a binding protein-dependent transport system (msm) in S. mutans that transports sucrose and maltose, but its associated enzymes do not metabolize maltose. By searching the S. mutans genomic sequence for a mal...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the leading cause of liver transplantation in Western countries. Studies of HCV infection using cell culture-produced HCV (HCVcc) in vitro systems require quantification of infectious HCV virions, which has conventionally been performed by immunofluorescence-based focus-forming assay with manual foci counting; however, this is a laborious and time-consuming ...