Leadership has always been an area of interest since time immemorial. Nevertheless, scientific theories regarding leadership started to appear only from the beginning of the 20th century. Modern theories of leadership such as strategic leadership theory emerged as early as the 1980s when outdated theories of behavioral contingency were questioned, resulting in the beginning of a shift in focus ...

The difference between failure and success in developing a software-intensive system can often be traced to the presence or absence of clashes among the models used to define the system's product, process, property, and success characteristics. (Here, we use a simplified version of one of Webster's definitions of "model:" a description or analogy used to help visualize something. We include ana...

Restriction-modification systems digest non-methylated invading DNA, while protecting host DNA against the endonuclease activity by methylation. It is widely believed that the methylated DNA would not 'fit' into the binding site of the endonuclease in the productive orientation, and thus steric clashes should account for most of the protection. We test this concept statistically by grafting met...

We report the 2.4 A resolution X-ray structure of a complex in which a small molecule flips a base out of a DNA helical stack. The small molecule is a metalloporphyrin, CuTMPyP4 [copper(II) meso-tetra(N-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin], and the DNA is a hexamer duplex, [d(CGATCG)]2. The porphyrin system, with the copper atom near the helical axis, is located within the helical stack. The porphyrin b...

The re-introduction of multi-party politics in Kenya the early 1990s contributed to inter-ethnic violence and clashes. These clashes have preoccupied Kenyan scholars for a long time and, as result, created wrong perception that is main historical determinant ethnic cross-border relations between communities. Ethnic conflicts predated politically instigated Kenya. By relying on archival, oral, s...

While research on information systems (IS) project control has advanced considerably over the last decade, knowledge about the performance effects of particular combinations of control modes is still limited. In this study, we add an important piece to the puzzle of control effects and control mode interaction. We do so by examining the impact of informal control on project performance as well ...