progressive osseous heteroplasia is a rare inherited disease that begins with skin ossification and proceeds into the deeper connective tissues. the disease should be distinguished from other genetic disorders of heterotopic ossification including fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (fop) and albright hereditary osteodystrophy (aho). we report a case of progressive osseous heteroplasia in a t...

The aim of the study was to determine factors determining perception Polish agriculture by food consumers. With intensive changes in methods agricultural production, progressive digitalization agriculture, more and frequent discussion issue social responsibility (in context caring about condition natural environment or ensuring welfare farm animals), streams much, often contradictory, informati...

In this issue of Pediatrics, Drolet and coauthors report the opinions of pediatric residency program directors about the 2011 resident workhour restrictions 1 year after implementation: “Resident education, quality of life, continuity of patient care have worsened, with no improvements in numerous areas including fatigue, patient safety, and supervision.” Do these opinions simply represent resi...

since the elderly population is increasing rapidly in developing countries which may decrease the physical activity and exercise and in turn could affect the elderly’s quality of life, this study aimed to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on the elderly’s quality of life in iran. in a randomized clinical trial, participants were randomly divided into intervention and contr...

a 63-year-old woman suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis for about 20 years disclosed symptoms of liver disease within the last three years. diagnosis of biliary cirrhosis was established on the basis of clinical picture, pathological examination of the hepatic tissue sample, immunological tests, and x-ray studies. association of systemic sclerosis with primary biliary cirrhosis is bri...

conclusions the individuals should have multidisciplinary approach for the variety of disorders to maintain the appropriate treatment for a better appearance of the patients. case presentation we describe a patient with progressive hemifacial atrophy at right facial side who developed granulomatous uveitis and periferic retinal vasculitis in his left eye. we started topical and systemic steroid...

multiple sclerosis is a cns autoimmune disease configured by demyelination, inflammation, and degeneration of axons. this disease inflict great harms to patients. the most common problem is inability to control musculoskeletal system and decrease in mobility. these consequences could vary from patients to patients. about 10-15% of all ms patients develop primary progressive ms (ppms). despite t...

Abstract The communication of a scientific finding as certain or uncertain largely determines whether that information will be translated into practice. In this study, corpus 80 articles published in the British Medical Journal for over 167 years (1840–2007) is analysed by focusing on three categories uncertainty markers, which explicitly reveal writer’s subjectivity: (1) I/we epistemic verbs; ...

Subjective opinions generalize probability distributions by including degrees of uncertainty which reflect lack of confidence in the probabilities. This paper describes a method for computing the joint subjective opinion of two variables which can be generalized to a method for computing joint subjective opinions over multiple variables in a subjective Bayesian network. We show how the joint op...

Con icts of interest arise between a decision maker and agents who have information pertinent to the problem because of di erences in their preferences over outcomes. We investigate how the decision maker can extract the information by distorting the decisions that will be taken. We show that only slight distortions will be necessary when agents' signals are sufciently accurate or when the numb...