Determining organismal responses to climate change is one of biology's greatest challenges. Recent forecasts for future climates emphasize altered temperature variation and precipitation, but most studies of animals have largely focused on forecasting the outcome of changes in mean temperature. Theory suggests that extreme thermal variation and precipitation will influence species performance a...

Increasingly, ecological modellers are integrating paleodata with future projections to understand climate-driven biodiversity dynamics from the past through the current century. Climate simulations from earth system models are necessary to this effort, but must be debiased and downscaled before they can be used by ecological models. Downscaling methods and observational baselines vary among re...

introduction agriculture is the most important sector of the economy in iran and it is highly dependent on the climate. the impact of global climatic change on agriculture has recently become an issue of increasing importance. the global climate change has been drawing attention of many to this very important topic of climate change, though it was a difficult proposition for many to accept whet...

Most studies that forecast the ecological consequences of climate change target a single species and a single life stage. Depending on climatic impacts on other life stages and on interacting species, however, the results from simple experiments may not translate into accurate predictions of future ecological change. Research needs to move beyond simple experimental studies and environmental en...

climate change around the world is now a reality that has adverse effects on the environment and human health. there is little information about the effect of climate change on food systems, especially seafood from the farm to the table. the aim of this study was to review the fundamental effects of climate change on seafood safety and human health. climate change is expected to increase chemic...

Dramatic changes have been shown to occur in lake ecosystems exposed to the same intensities of UV-B as those found in eastern Canada today. These changes are caused by UV-B's ability to inhibit photosynthesis in floating plants down to depths of several meters. In other words, the photosynthesis of floating plants (phytoplankton) is reduced by increasing UV-B. The deeper the UV-B penetrates in...

We estimate, for current and future climates, the annual probability of areally averaged hurricane rain of Hurricane Harvey's magnitude by downscaling large numbers of tropical cyclones from three climate reanalyses and six climate models. For the state of Texas, we estimate that the annual probability of 500 mm of area-integrated rainfall was about 1% in the period 1981-2000 and will increase ...

I. About the “Where the Rain Falls” Global Policy Report Climate change is likely to worsen the situation in parts of the world that already experience high levels of food insecurity. Greater variability of rainfall has significant repercussions for food security, the livelihoods of millions of people, and the migration decisions of vulnerable households. In order to make informed decisions ab...