dear editor multiple sclerosis (ms) is the most common inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. ms is characterized by dissemination in time and place. dissemination can be clinically (clinically definite multiple sclerosis) or radiologically by magnetic resonance imaging (mri). correct diagnosis of ms needs dissemination both in time and in place and also exclusion of ...

Four elderly women are reported on with myopathies manifesting with isolated or predominant involvement of the paraspinal musculature. In three, the neck extensors were affected foremost, leading to "dropped head syndrome". In one, weakness of the thoracic paraspinal muscles caused "bent spine syndrome". It is suggested that these clinically distinct syndromes are caused by a primary tardive my...