The clinical characteristics of 84 patients with pituitary tumour who had troublesome headache were investigated. The patients presented with chronic (46%) and episodic (30%) migraine, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT; 5%), cluster headache (4%), hemicrania continua (1%) and primary stabbing headache (27%). It was not possible...

The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks, and hemicrania continua. While the majority responds to conventional pharmacological treatments, a small but significant proportion of patients are intractable to these treatments. In these cases, alternative choices for these patients include oral and i...

Cluster headache is a rare and severe pain syndrome with elusive pathophysiology. Serotonin pathways within the brainstem may be implicated in cluster headache with seasonal affective disorder and a subset of cranial nerve neuralgias. We describe and chronicle a syndrome consisting of cluster headache, seasonal affective disorder, with associated trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, superior laryngeal...

Allodynia is defined as the experience of pain due to nonpainful stimuli, and occurs in several clinical contexts, including primary headaches. Cluster headache is a primary cephalalgia which is more common in males, characterized by excruciating pain, and autonomic trigeminal dysfunction. The prevalence of allodynia in cluster headache patients is a relevant matter with few studies devoted to....

Headache is a common symptom in childhood and adolescence. Effective therapy for this symptom is based on the specific headache syndrome. This article presents examples of the four recognized Indomethacin-responsive headache syndromes encountered in pediatrics including exertional headache, cyclic-cluster migraine, chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, and hemicrania continua. Although uncommon condit...

BACKGROUND Episodic cluster headache (ECH) is a primary headache disorder that severely impairs patient's quality of life. First-line therapy in the initiation of a prophylactic treatment is verapamil. Due to its delayed onset of efficacy and the necessary slow titration of dosage for tolerability reasons prednisone is frequently added by clinicians to the initial prophylactic treatment of a cl...

Migraine aura is characterized by focal neurologic features of visual and/or sensory and/or speech disturbance, which precede or accompany a headache attack developing gradually over 5 to 20 minutes with a duration of no longer than 1 hour. In a sample of 163 migraineurs with aura from the general population, visual symptoms were most frequent (99%), followed by sensory (31%), aphasic (18%), an...

1Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando Fonseca, Amadora/Sintra, Portugal; 2UnIGENe, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; 3Serviço de Neurologia, CHPHSA, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto Ciências Biomédicas...

Cluster headache (CH) is associated with the most severe pain of the primary headache disorders. Barriers to optimal care include misdiagnosis, diagnostic delay, undertreatment, and mismanagement. Medication-overuse headache (MOH) may further complicate CH and may present as increased CH frequency or development of a background headache, which may be featureless or have some migrainous quality....

INTRODUCTION The application of lidocaine to the nasal mucosal area corresponding to the sphenopalatine fossa has been shown to be effective at extinguishing pain attacks in patients with a cluster headache. In this report, the effectiveness of local administration of lidocaine on cluster headache attacks as a symptomatic treatment of this disorder is discussed. CASES PRESENTATION A 22-year-o...