We introduce and study a new 3d Topological Field Theory which can be associated to any compact real manifold X. This TFT is analogous to the 2d A-model and reduces to it upon compactification on an interval with suitable boundary conditions. It plays a role in 3d mirror symmetry as well as in the physical approach to the geometric Langlands duality. A similar TFT can be defined in four dimensi...

The paper describes new approach of potentiostat for very low sensor current measurements. Recent potentiostats were used as measurement devices which were standalone and sensors were connected by a screened wire. These concepts are inconvenient for the presented very low current measurements. The new approach is based on the potentiostat circuitry integrated on a chip that should be directly c...

Current methodologies used for the inference of thin film stress through curvature measurements are strictly restricted to stress and curvature states which are assumed to remain uniform over the entire film/substrate system. Recently Huang, Rosakis and co-workers [Huang, Y., Ngo, D., Rosakis, A.J., 2005. Non-uniform, axisymmetric misfit strain: in thin films bonded on plate substrates/substrat...

a cylindrical direct current magnetron sputtering coater with two targets for deposition of multilayer thin films and cermet solar selective surfaces has been constructed. the substrate holder was able to rotate around the target for obtaining the uniform layer and separated multilayer phases. the al/ cu multilayer film was deposited on the glass substrate at the following conditions: working g...

The threshold voltage value, which is the most important electrical parameter in modeling MOSFETs, can be extracted from either measured drain current or capacitance characteristics, using a single or more transistors. Practical circuits based on some of the most common methods are available to automatically and quickly measure the threshold voltage. This article reviews and assesses several of...

We demonstrate that a film of vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can exert mechanical energy as it grows, and in our experiments the average force output is approximately 0.16 nN per CNT, for CNTs having an outer diameter of 9 nm and five walls. The film thickness after a fixed growth time and the alignment of CNTs within the film decrease concomitantly with increasing pressur...

Multi-level carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays with adjustable patterns were prepared by a combination of the breath figure (BF) process and chemical vapor deposition. Polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid)/ferrocene was dissolved in carbon disulfide and cast onto a Si substrate covered with a transmission electron microscope grid in saturated relative humidity. A two-level microporous hybrid film with a b...

The mechanism of the one-order-of-magnitude increase in the density of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) achieved by a recently developed thermal chemical vapor deposition process was studied using synchrotron radiation spectroscopic techniques. In the developed process, a Ti film is used as the underlayer for an Fe catalyst film. A characteristic point of this process is that C2H2 fee...