The infrared photodissociation spectra of [(CO2)n(H2O)m] (n = 1–4, m = 1, 2) are measured in the 3000–3800 cm range. The [(CO2)n(H2O)1] spectra are characterized by a sharp band around 3570 cm except for n = 1; [(CO2)1(H2O)1] does not photodissociate in the spectral range studied. The [(CO2)n(H2O)2] (n = 1, 2) species have similar spectral features with a broad band at ≈3340 cm. A drastic chang...

Elevated atmospheric CO2 can change foliar tissue chemistry. This alters leaf litter palatability to macroinvertebrate detritivores with consequences for decomposition, nutrient turnover, and food-web structure. Currently there is no consensus on the link between CO2 enrichment, litter chemistry, and macroinvertebrate-mediated leaf decomposition. To identify any unifying mechanisms, we presente...

The CO2-brine dissolution homogenizes the distribution of residual CO2 and reduces the leakage risk in the saline aquifer. As a key parameter to immobilize the free CO2, the dissolution rate of CO2-brine could be accelerated through mechanisms like diffusion and dispersion, which are affected by the subsurface condition, pore structure, and background hydrological flow. This study contributed t...

The sensitivity of yield and quality parameters to carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] was determined for individual lines of hard-red spring wheat released in 1903, 1921, 1965 and 1996. All cultivars were evaluated with respect to growth and vegetative characteristics, grain yield and nutritional quality in response to [CO2] increases that corresponded roughly to the CO2 concentrations at the b...

[1] Biological and geochemical CO2 proxies provide critical constraints on understanding the role of atmospheric CO2 in driving climate change during Earth history. As no single existing CO2 proxy is without its limitations, there is a clear need for new approaches to reconstructing past CO2 concentrations. Here we develop a new preQuaternary CO2 proxy based on the stable carbon isotope composi...

Homeostasis of internal carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) levels is fundamental to all animals. Here we examine the CO2 response of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This species inhabits rotting material, which typically has a broad CO2 concentration range. We show that well fed C. elegans avoid CO2 levels above 0.5%. Animals can respond to both absolute CO2 concentrations and changes in...

Experimental research investigating the responses of forest trees to rising concentrations of atmospheric CO2 has for the past two decades been justified on the basis of the prominent role of forests in the global carbon cycle. The C cycle regulates the airborne fraction of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion, and, therefore, the rate of increase of CO2 in the atmosphere and the associated effects ...

BACKGROUND Carbon dioxide (CO2) dose-dependently decreases minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of anaesthetics in rats. CO2 also dose-dependently decreases cerebrospinal fluid pH. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) channels exhibit pH sensitivity and are putative targets for inhaled anaesthetics. We hypothesized that CO2 dose-dependently decreases rat NMDA channel current via an acidifying effect at ...

The injection of supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) in deep saline aquifers leads to the formation of a CO2 rich phase plume that tends to float over the resident brine. As pressure builds up, CO2 density will increase because of its high compressibility. Current analytical solutions do not account for CO2 compressibility and consider a volumetric injection rate that is uniformly distributed al...