Codeine and diclofenac overdoses have been widely reported. Here, a biomimetic sensor (bi-MIP) was devised, an electronic tongue used to analyze water samples simultaneously containing both these drugs. The bi-MIP limits of detection for codeine taken individually were 0.01 µg/mL 0.16 µg/mL, respectively. Due cross-reactivity effect when using the sensor, shown differentiate analytes. results c...

A large number of women receive codeine for obstetric pain while breastfeeding. Following a case of fatal opioid poisoning in a breastfed neonate whose codeine prescribed mother was a CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolizer (UM), we examined characteristics of mothers and infants with or without signs of central nervous system (CNS) depression following codeine exposure while breastfeeding in a case-cont...

Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of preoperative administration of single-dose of paracetamol-codeine, in the relieving of acute postoperative pain after the surgical removal of an impacted mandibular third molar. Materials and Methods. The study cohort consisted of 32 Caucasian outpatients, giving a total of 64 bilateral symmetrical impacted mandibles. Patie...

This study aimed to investigate the proportions of morphine, thebaine, noscapine, codeine, oripavine and papaverine alkaloids in poppy varieties hybrids. Nine parents 36 hybrid lines were used trial. The trial was carried out 2016 2017 four replications according Randomized Block Trial Design. According average results two years, parent combinations, morphine found vary between 0.42% 1.66%, the...

The aim of the present study was to identify alterations in brain function following administration of a single, low-dose of codeine phosphate in healthy volunteers using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In addition, the metabolic changes in the two sides of the frontal lobe were identified using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). A total of 20 right-handed ...

BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is an important characteristic of cancer. Switching from the avascular phase to the vascular phase is a necessary process for tumor growth. Therefore, research in cancer treatment has focused on angiogenesis as a drug target. Despite the widespread use of opioids to treat pain in patients with cancer, little is known about the effect of these drugs on vascular endotheliu...

In this article, a combined method of molecular absorption spectroscopy and classical least squares is used to simultaneously determine paracetamol (PAR) codeine phosphate (COP) in pharmaceutical samples without the need for prior separation or extraction steps. The spectra standard solutions were measured wavelength range 210 290 nm with step size 0.5 nm. concentrations PAR COP sample calculat...

Alkaloids in the terminal capsule of M-89 variety of P. so m n if e rum rise and plateau as the plant matures in a controlled environment. Lancing immature capsules does not increase yield of codeine plus morphine in the above-ground plant, but lancing may translocate alkaloids upward to the capsule. Poppies produced a high proportion of codeine relative to m?rphine. This effect is probably due...

background: the relaxant and anticholinergic (functional antagonism) effects, histamine h 1 inhibitory effect, and calcium channel blocking effect of nigella sativa have been demonstrated on guinea pig tracheal chains.  several therapeutic effects including anti-asthma and dyspnea have also been ascribed to the seeds of nigella sativa.   objective: to evaluate the antitussive effect of this pla...