Introduction: The current study aimed to elucidate the role of preparatory cognitive control in decision making and its neural correlates using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). To this effect, by employing a series of new cognitive tasks, we assessed the role of preparatory cognitive control in monetary (risky) decision making. Methods: The participants had to decide between a...

while parkinson's disease (pd) has traditionally been defined by motor symptoms, many researches have indicated that mild cognitive impairment is common in non-demented pd patients. the purpose of this study was to compare verbal fluency performance in non-demented parkinson's disease patients with healthy controls.in this cross-sectional study thirty non-demented parkinson's disease patients a...

This paper follows the scenarios and task models debate by reviewing the contributions of task modelling and scenario based approaches from a cognitive perspective. A framework of cognitive affordances is introduced to discuss the merits and limitations of each approach. An extension of the modelling theme, generic task models, is proposed to augment the contribution of knowledge reuse to the d...

One of the major criticisms leveled at task-based language teaching (TBLT), despite its countless merits, is developing fluency at the cost of accuracy. The post-task stage affords a number of options to counteract this downside through task repetition and task recycling. These two options are considered to positively affect learners' oral performance in terms of fluency, accuracy, and complexi...

Central to any task-based syllabus is the notion of complexity. Proponents of task-based language teaching (TBLT) have argued that tasks be sequenced according to their inherent cognitive complexity, partially because learner performance changes according to the complexity of the task. This exploratory study examines the effect of task complexity on the linguistic complexity of task performance...

The complexity of software systems makes design reuse a necessary task in the software development process. CASE tools can provide cognitive assistance in this task, helping the software engineers to select designs to be reused. In this paper, we propose an approach for case indexing and retrieval based on Bayesian Networks, Case-Based Reasoning and WordNet. This approach is integrated in a CAS...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate electroencephalogram (EEG) dynamics using complexity analysis in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with healthy control children when performing a cognitive task. METHOD Thirty 7-12-year-old children meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria for ADHD and 3...

PURPOSE To determine whether phonological processing in adults who stutter (AWS) is disrupted by increased amounts of cognitive load in a concurrent attention-demanding task. METHOD Nine AWS and 9 adults who do not stutter (AWNS) participated. Using a dual-task paradigm, the authors presented word pairs for rhyme judgments and, concurrently, letter strings for memory recall. The rhyme judgmen...

Recent second language (L2) writing research informed by task-based theories of acquisition has enthusiastically adopted task complexity frameworks to describe the specific cognitive demands a given and effect those on written L2 production. However, missing from many studies effects production is discussion genre as potential source complexity. This paper examines resource-dispersing form that...