A series of changes mechanical properties such as fracture development, relaxation, collapse deformation, and strength decreasing the surrounding rock loess tunnels occur due to shearing immersing, will be prone engineering failures, including large fissure, ground collapse, landslide, lining cracking, seriously threatening construction operation safety tunnels. These problems are especially pr...

In a cooling gas of rigid particles interacting with a constant coefficient of restitution, groups of particles within the gas may experience an infinite number of collisions in a finite time. This singularity, named inelastic collapse, is a shortcoming of the mathematical model, and it hampers the efforts of simulating a freely evolving, cooling granular system. After a brief review of previou...

During septorhinoplasty, septal cartilage is frequently resected for various purposes but the L-strut is preserved. Numerous materials are inserted into the nasal dorsum during dorsal augmenation rhinoplasty without considering nasal structural safety. This study used a finite element method (FEM) to redefine the septal L-strut, to prevent collapse as pressure moved from the rhinion to the supr...

Declines in leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) with increasing water stress have been attributed to cavitation of the leaf xylem. However, in the leaves of conifers, the reversible collapse of transfusion tracheids may provide an alternative explanation. Using Taxus baccata, a conifer species without resin, we developed a modified rehydration technique that allows the separation of declines in ...

Solvated fullerenes recently have been shown to exhibit novel compression behaviors compared with the pristine fullerenes. However, less attention has been focused on the large cage endohedral metallofullerenes. Here, we have firstly synthesized solvated Sm@C90 microrods by a solution drop-drying method, and then studied the transformations under high pressure. The pressure-induced structural e...

In the case of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), a shock wave-bubble interaction inevitably occurs near the focusing point of stones, resulting in stone fragmentation and subsequent tissue damage. Because shock wave-bubble interactions are high-speed phenomena occurring in tissue consisting of various media with different acoustic impedance values, numerical analysis is an effective...

ABSTRACT: Numerical simulations using continuum mechanics and elasto-plasticity are often used in geotechnical design. Determination of collapse loads may be part of such simulations. However, non-associated flow rules applied to frictional materials normally provide lower collapse loads than stated by classical methods. Should we stick to the classical solutions for design or should we rather ...

Fuzzy functional dependency (FFD) is a kind of semantic knowledge and can be discovered from a large volume of business data. Sectional FFD and Attribute FFD are discussed so as to reflect semantics of the business world and express useful information that is natural for people to comprehend. The experimental results on an insurance data set show that the proposed method can extract knowledge e...

We extend Forester’s rigidity theorem so as to give a complete characterization of rigid group actions on trees (an action is rigid if it is the only reduced action in its deformation space, in particular it is invariant under automorphisms preserving the set of elliptic subgroups). Let T be a simplicial tree with a cocompact action of a group G (i.e. the BassSerre tree associated to a decompos...

Abstract In this article, the gas dynamics equations with an equation of state special form are considered.The is pressure which equal to sum two functions, one being a function density, and other entropy. The system invariant under action 12-parameter transformations group. For three-dimensional subalgebra 3.32 12-dimensional Lie algebra invariants calculated, submodel rank 1 constructed, fami...