To reveal the detailed morphological features of the fibular collateral (fibular) ligament, popliteus tendon, popliteofibular ligament and the synovial components regarding to achieve data for surgical and biomechanical utilization. Knees of 10 formalin-fixed male cadavers were dissected bilaterally. Bursae around the lateral collateral ligament and the relation of popliteus tendon with lateral...

BACKGROUND The development of bronchoscopic therapies for emphysema has renewed interest in collateral ventilation. The success or failure of bronchoscopically placed valves or biologic glues may be determined by collateral ventilation, which is exaggerated in emphysema. Furthermore, the validity of various animal models of emphysema for testing such techniques must be understood in the context...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the hypothesis that the time to washout of radiographic contrast medium trapped distal to an occluded collateral receiving vessel is inversely related to collateral flow, and that this provides an accurate method for characterising coronary collaterals. METHODS An intracoronary pressure derived collateral flow index was determined in 54 patients undergoing percutaneou...

Ischaemic stroke results from acute arterial occlusion leading to focal hypoperfusion. Thrombolysis is the only proven treatment. Advanced neuroimaging techniques allow a detailed assessment of the cerebral circulation in patients with acute stroke, and provide information about the status of collateral vessels and collateral blood flow, which could attenuate the effects of arterial occlusion. ...

BACKGROUNDS Catestatin is an endogenous multifunctional neuroendocrinepeptide. Recently, catestatin was discovered as a novel angiogenic cytokine. The study was to investigate the associations between endogenous catestatin and coronary collateral development among the patients with chronic myocardial ischemia. METHODS Thirty-eight patients with coronary artery chronic total occlusions (CTO) (...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We sought to investigate the relation between collateral flow via different pathways and hemodynamic parameters measured by dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI in patients with severe carotid artery disease. METHODS Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI was performed in 66 patients and 33 control subjects. Patients had severe stenosis (>70%, n=12), unila...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In proximal anterior circulation occlusive strokes, collateral flow is essential for good outcome. Collateralized vessel intensity in TOF- and contrast-enhanced MRA is variable due to different acquisition methods. Our purpose was to quantify collateral supply by using flow-weighted signal in TOF-MRA and blood volume-weighted signal in contrast-enhanced MRA to determine e...

BACKGROUND Collateral circulation can maintain myocardial function and viability in chronic total coronary occlusion (TCO). The present study evaluates the relation of myocardial function and duration of occlusion to collateral function. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 50 patients underwent a successful recanalization of a TCO (>4 weeks' duration). Collateral function was assessed by intracoro...

This study investigated the value of collateral informant reports of substance use for patients with current bipolar disorder and substance dependence. We collected collateral informant reports on 132 occasions for 32 patients and found a high level of agreement between collateral reports and self-report/urine screen data (75.0%). In only 3 instances did collateral informants report substance u...

The human coronary collateral circulation is prognostically relevant. The understanding of collateral formation and its determinants may guide future therapeutic strategies aiming at promoting collateral growth and functionality, and hence reducing the global burden of coronary artery disease (CAD).