INTRODUCTION Liver injury is a frequent complication associated with anorexia nervosa, and steatosis of the liver is thought to be the major underlying pathology. However, acute hepatic failure with transaminase levels over 1000 IU/mL and deep coma are very rare complications and the mechanism of pathogenesis is largely unknown. CASE PRESENTATION A 37-year-old Japanese woman showed features o...

OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that the major consciousness deficit observed in coma is due to the breakdown of long-range neuronal communication supported by precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and that prognosis depends on a specific connectivity pattern in these networks. METHODS We compared 27 prospectively recruited comatose patients who had severe brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale ...

In this study we identify a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) cascade as a biochemical pathway critical for controlling low-oxygen tolerance in the adult fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Even though adult Drosophila can survive in 0% oxygen (anoxia) environments for hours, air with less than 2% oxygen rapidly induces locomotory failure resulting in an anoxic coma. We use natural genetic va...

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients with MRC grade II/III tuberculous meningitis (TBM) who accepted a background antitubercular regimen (BR) with or without linezolid (LZD). At the 4th week, the LZD-BR group achieved a faster and higher percentage of Glasgow coma scale recovery and temperature recovery, a higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/blood glucose ratio, and lower CSF whit...

severe haemorrhage and perforation of the intestine are exceptional; on the other hand cerebral symptoms, meningismus, delirium or coma are prominent features, as also is the tendency to i-espiratory complications. The writer saw in the course of one week no less than, five cases exhibiting some degree of meningismus. A happy feature in the young, however, is a singular capacity for recovery, e...

In this issue of the Journal, Most et al. [1] attempt to give further insight into the dilemma of indications to surgical repair of acute type A aortic dissection (AADA) in patients presenting with pre-operative neurological dysfunction. The topic has been the focus of numerous institutional and registry reports in the past [2–4]. Although a formal consensus has not yet been reached, there is w...

when a child presented with decreased level of consciousness in the emergency room, taking the right approach is one of the most important skills that every emergency physician should have. ideally, there should be a defined diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm in the emergency room for managing these children in order to minimize difficulties diagnostically and maximize time spent helping the ...

Environmental factors challenge the physiological homeostasis in animals, thereby evoking stress responses. Various mechanisms have evolved to counter at organism level, including regulation by neuropeptides. In recent years, much progress has been made on and neuropeptides that regulate responses metabolic/nutritional stress, as well those involved countering osmotic ionic stresses. Here, we i...