Null models for generating binary phylogenetic trees are useful for testing evolutionary hypotheses and reconstructing phylogenies. We consider two such null models ± the Yule and uniform models ± and in particular the induced distribution they generate on the number Cn of cherries in the tree, where a cherry is a pair of leaves each of which is adjacent to a common ancestor. By realizing the p...

The paper contains three results, the common feature of which is that they deal with the Schatten p class. The first is a presentation of a new complemented subspace of Cp in the reflexive range (and p ̸= 2). This construction answers a question of Arazy and Lindestrauss from 1975. The second result relates to tight embeddings of finite dimensional subspaces of Cp in C n p with small n and shows...

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), a soft tissue sarcoma, is one of the most common pediatric cancers. Certain ERMSs are associated with the DICER1 syndrome, a tumor predisposition syndrome caused by germ-line DICER1 mutations. Characteristic somatic mutations have also been identified in DICER1-associated tumor types. These "hotspot" mutations affect the catalytic activity of the DICER1 ribonu...

AIMS Cyclic GMP (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibition by sildenafil (SIL) activates myocardial cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG) and blunts cardiac hypertrophy. To date, the only documented target of PKG in myocardium is the serine-threonine phosphatase calcineurin (Cn), which is central to pathological cardiac hypertrophy. We tested whether Cn suppression is necessary in or...

BACKGROUND Culture-negative (CN) prosthetic joint infection (PJI) has not been well studied. We performed a retrospective cohort study to define the demographic characteristics and determine the outcome of patients with CN PJI. METHODS All cases of CN total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty infections (using a strict case definition) treated at our institution from January 1990 thr...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cryoglobulinaemic neuropathy (CN) is probably common, as it is usually related to HCV infection. The aim of this study was to delineate the clinical spectrum of CN in a large series and to investigate the factors influencing its expression. METHODS Seventy one consecutive patients (12 men, 59 women), diagnosed as having CN on the basis of clinical features of neuropat...

Congenital Nystagmus (CN) is a genetically heterogeneous ocular disease, which causes a significant proportion of childhood visual impairment. To identify the underlying genetic defect of a CN family, twenty-two members were recruited. Genotype analysis showed that affected individuals shared a common haplotype with markers flanking FRMD7 locus. Sequencing FRMD7 revealed a T > C transition in e...

BACKGROUND The cn/cn dwarf mouse is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR-2) gene which helps positively regulate endochondral longitudinal bone growth. The gene mutation corresponds to that in the human skeletal dysplasia Acromesomelic Dysplasia Maroteaux type (AMDM). This study assesses histomorphometric, ultrastructural and radiographic correlates o...

The accumulation of various pigments leads to the formation different flower colors in plants. However, regulation mechanism yellow and color differences between Camellia nitidssima C.W.Chi (CN) its hybrids C. ‘Zhenghuangqi’ (ZHQ), ‘Huangxuanlv’ (HXL), ‘Xinshiji’ (XSJ), remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that content two flavonols, quercetin-7-O-glucoside (Qu7G) quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q...

AIMS Patients who have undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (GB) have exaggerated postprandial insulin secretion, which has been attributed to increased meal glucose appearance and enhanced incretin effect. Here, we sought to determine β-cell glucose sensitivity in the absence of meal stimulation and insulinotropic gut factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 12 non-diabetic subjects w...