BACKGROUND The persistent gap between research and practice compromises the impact of multi-level and multi-strategy community health interventions. Part of the problem is a limited understanding of how and why interventions produce change in population health outcomes. Systematic investigation of these intervention processes across studies requires sufficient reporting about interventions. Gui...

Societies are complex systems which tend to polarize into sub-groups of individuals with dramatically opposite perspectives. This phenomenon is reflected – and often amplified – in online social networks where, however, humans are no more the only players, and co-exist alongside with social bots, i.e. software-controlled accounts. Analyzing large-scale social data collected during the Catalan r...

Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the Consejería de Educación y Ciencia de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (grant # PEII-2014-020-A). The economic support of the Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha is also acknowledged. Abstract Critical analysis of the state of the art is a necessary task when identifying new research lines worthwhile to pursue. To such an end, all the ava...

Universities often respond to community needs through a traditional, single disciplinary expert outreach model. However, multiple perspectives are required to solve complex community problems. In this case example, a multidisciplinary university team was selected to work on a contracted university-college partnership project over an eighteen-month period. Lessons learned from using this problem...

The abrupt decline in the sea’s capacity to provide crucial ecosystem services requires a new ecosystembased approach for maintaining and recovering biodiversity and integrity. Ecosystems are places, so marine spatial planners and managers must understand the heterogeneity of biological communities and their key components (especially apex predators and structure-forming species), and of key pr...

Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide variety of infections worldwide. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus is one of most common causes of nosocomial and community acquired infections. The fluoroquinolones are an important class of antibiotics that used to treat infections caused by S. aureus. Today, a significant increase in the rate of ciprofloxacin resistance in methicillin-resistant S. aureus str...

Scientific visualization is a powerful tool to investigate and analyze complex problems such as CFD-simulation data or medical volumetric datasets. Especially these days where data sets in the range of gigabytes to terabytes have to be illustrated and investigated a large number of valuable visualization techniques have been developed by researchers all over the world. Unfortunately, it takes q...

OBJECTIVES The aim was to evaluate a common-sense, behavioural change intervention to implement clinical guidelines for asthma management in the community pharmacy setting. DESIGN The components of the common-sense intervention were described in terms of categories and dimensions using the Intervention Taxonomy (ITAX) and Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) using the Behaviour Change Wheel (BC...

Many real-world networks are intimately organized according to a community structure. Much research effort has been devoted to develop methods and algorithms that can efficiently highlight this hidden structure of a network, yielding a vast literature on what is called today community detection. Since network representation can be very complex and can contain different variants in the tradition...

Community detection in a complex network is an important problem of much interest in recent years. In general, a community detection algorithm chooses an objective function and captures the communities of the network by optimizing the objective function, and then, one uses various heuristics to solve the optimization problem to extract the interesting communities for the user. In this article, ...