Supply chains are large systems consisting of many entities interacting in complex ways. The challenge faced by companies is how to design and manage such systems. Modeling and simulation enables analysis of complex systems but as the model increases in size and realism, or when it is necessary to locate model components geographically, a distribution capability is needed. The High Level Archit...

This paper investigates the impact of provided service by the retailers and manufacturers on customers’ demand and members’ profit in a supply chain. It focuses on a supply chain structure with one manufacturer and a common retailer. The demand of customers depends on retailer price and service level. A game-theoretic framework is applied to obtain the equilibrium solutions for each entity in s...

Rapid changes in business and the advent of Internet, have made supply chain management (SCM) important in determining the sustainable growth of companies. However, in a complex hierarchical network that links upstream to downstream firms, several uncertain factors affect the performance of a supply chain. Accordingly, mitigating the deleterious impact of uncertainty is important in planning a ...

Multiechelon supply chains are complex logistics systems that require flexibility and coordination at a tactical level to cope with environmental uncertainties in an efficient and effective manner. To cope with these challenges, mathematical programming models are developed to evaluate supply chain flexibility. However, under uncertainty, supply chain models become complex and the scope of flex...

An agent-based model is proposed in the paper to simulate the make-to-order supply chains. This model is an attempt to improve our understanding of the complex processes going on in make-to-order supply chains. The validity of the model is shown by the simulation of the foreign trade supply chain. Agents are used to simulate the members of the supply chain. Agents’ attributes are presented by t...

The performance of a supply chain can be evaluated in either a cross-sectional or a time series manner, and data envelopment analysis is a useful method for both types of evaluation. In this paper we develop an index and indicator of productivity change that can be used with radial and non-radial models for supply chain malmquist index. The supply chain malmquist productivity index (SCMPI) can ...

Growing global demand for energy, result in depletion of easily access source of fossil fuels. To fulfillment of this huge demand, oil and gas industry expanded to develop offshore oil and gas reservoirs in recent years, which made environmental management challenging. IRAN owns one of the biggest offshore gas reservoir in PERSIAN GULF with high geopolitical and financial importance. Along the ...