Concrete, as the most widely used construction material, is associated with a high environmental impact. Within present study, structural optimization method of choice to counter this issue. The entire process, from optimization, design, experiments and numerical simulation outlined. Embedded in framework design competition (Concrete Girder Optimization Competition 2021), bridge between enginee...

As an economic and safe structure, Bi-steel is widely used in reinforced concrete with less consumption of steel. In this paper, III Bi-steel concrete beam has been analyzed. Through careful observation and theoretical analysis, the new calculating formulae for structural rigidity and crack have been formulated for this Bi-steel concrete beam. And structural rigidity and the crack features have...

Preliminary notes This paper outlines the research aimed at developing an effective and reliable monitoring method for structural damage identification. A computational procedure for a direct iteration technique based on the non-linear perturbation theory is proposed to identify structural damage, when information about only natural frequencies for the damaged structure is required. The present...

An analysis was carried out to determine whether concrete is a sustainable housing material. Sustainability generally means having no net negative impact on the environment, and this analysis compared the environmental impact of producing concrete and steel. To make this comparison, we first designed a simple reinforced concrete beam and a steel I-beam with the same moment capacity, and we then...

ABSTRACT: Bridges are structures built to overcome obstacles and allow continuity of transport routes. In the search for efficient construction systems, steel-concrete composite structures, especially box girder bridges, emerged. The American AASHTO European EN 1994-2-2 standards present design procedures this type bridge, but there still doubts about which portion concrete slab contributes eac...

Five methods are introduced for design of castellated I beams encased in concrete. One of the methods, plastic analysis, is thoroughly explained and the relevant equations are developed. Eight castellated I beams encased in concrete are made and tested. The theoretical design methods are all compared with the test results and the safety factor for each method is calculated. The results show tha...

Reinforced concrete beams are normally designed as under reinforced to provide ductile behavior such as the tensile moment of resistance. In coastal environment reinforcement corrosion is an obvious cause of deterioration of concrete structure, which affects the durability and service of reinforced concrete structure. Structural stability is majorly influenced by strength of concrete. Flexural ...

The theoretical model to compute the long-term stress of simply supported steel-concrete composite beam was deduced. The model includes the effects of steel bars in concrete slab, concrete shrinkage and creep. The computed results agreed well with the test results. On this basis, the effects of factors such as concrete age to loading, longitudinal reinforcement ratio in concrete slab, concrete ...