We model insurgency and counter-insurgency (COIN) operations with a large-scale system of differential equations and a dynamically changing coalition network. We use these structures to analyze the components of leadership, promotion, recruitment, financial resources, operational techniques, network communications, coalition cooperation, logistics, security, intelligence, infrastructure develop...

CONTEXT The main objectives of triage are securing patient safety during the process of emergency diagnosis and treatment, and reduction of waiting time for medical services and transport. To date, there is no triage system for nerve agent victims. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION This systematic review proposes a new triage system for patients exposed to nerve agents. Information regarding clinical sign...

By most metrics, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a failed state, with ongoing risk to regional security and stability rooted in the conflicts that wracked the country for decades. However, this needn’t have been the outcome. There were numerous contextual similarities between the guerrilla movement in DRC under Laurent-Désiré Kabila, and China under Mao Tse-Tung during the Japanese oc...

Research has frequently focused on the increased likelihood of violence and homicide among gang-involved individuals, as well factors that contribute to this violence. Such work examined relationship between immigration frequency crime, well. However, there is a dearth research examining gang-related presence both gang migrants from within U.S. those abroad in given community. The current paper...

In this research urogenital complications of 300 veterans with the average age of 32.7+_6.5 years were studied for two years( 1995-1996) . They were selected randomly in Kerman province based  on having at least one exposure to chemical warfare, six to ten years before the study. The control group was selected among the troops whom were not exposed to chemical warfare and had an average age of ...

Abstract Through an analysis of interviews with Southern California attorneys, supplemented by archival materials, this article contributes to the literature on gangs, critical criminology, and Gothic tropes examining how ambiguous nature gang profiling allows state actors target racialized others in various legal administrative venues little evidence few procedural protections. I conceptualize...

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the feasibility of intentional transmission of HIV by means of suicide bombing and rape as a terrorist tactic in asymmetric conflicts by evaluating the recognised optimum conditions for biological warfare. We also estimated the suitability of a fourth-generation rapid test for HIV detection in the blood of dead terrorists killed in the completion of their mission. METH...

The concept of gang aggression oftentimes elicits images of brutal inter-gang violence. In reality, gang-related aggression can vary widely, can have various motivations and causal factors, and includes interpersonal as well as intergroup aggression. This study examined the tendency of U.K. youth to engage in displaced aggression (aggression aimed at undeserving targets) and examined the relati...