Introduction: Retinal arterio-venous malformations (AVMs) are rare, congenital, high-flow congenital developmental vascular anomalies without intervening capillary bed also known as racemose angioma, They unilateral, nonhereditary lesions located anywhere in retina and may involve optic nerve.
 Case report: A 55 year old male was found to have abnormal malformation over nerve head his left...

Holt Oram Syndrome (HOS) falls in rare prevalence category with probability of 0.7 100,000 live births. It is a autosomal dominant multiple malformation syndrome characterized by abnormalities affecting hands, wrists, arms,congenital heart defects and/or conduction problems. Genetic mutations observed TBX5 gene attributed as the main cause HOS. Our patient his late 40s was diagnosed Syndrome. H...

Congenital lung malformations are rare and vary widely in their clinical presentation and severity, depending mostly on the degree of lung involvement and their location in the thoracic cavity. They can manifest at any age and can be the source of significant morbidity and mortality in infants and children. Individuals with congenital lung malformations can present with respiratory symptoms at ...

Introduction: Hepatic hemangiomas (HH) are the most common benign tumors of liver and consist vascular malformations or hamartomas congenital origin that increase due to ectasia. The declared giant hepatic (GHH) embody from 10 cm (most commonly) 20 more

The extrinsic factors responsible for the production of congenital heart malformations both clinically and experimentally are reviewed. The method to be followed in the investigation of extrinsic factors as teratogenic agents for the a heart and the great vessels both clinically and experimentally is studied. With Saxen and Rapola's work as a starting point, an hypothesis isproposed on thepatho...

The main perinatal complications of assisted reproduction include congenital malformation, chromosomal aberrations, multiple pregnancy, and prematurity. Earlier studies and in vitro fertilization (IVF) registries showed that there was no increased incidence of congenital malformations in children conceived by IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). However, a large Australian study has fou...