Sinus of Valsalva aneurysms are rare cardiac anomalies which may be acquired or congenital, most commonly involving the right or noncoronary sinuses. The congenital aneurysms are more common and often caused by weakness at the junction of the aortic media and the annulus fibrosus. Acquired aneurysms are caused by conditions affecting the aortic wall, such as infections (syphilis, bacterial endo...

INTRODUCTION ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY Gross Anatomy/Histology Innervation and Blood Supply Lymphatic Drainage Surrounding Anatomic Structures RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE TRACHEA Plain Radiographs CT Scanning MR Imaging Virtual Bronchoscopy PATHOLOGIC CONDITIONS Congenital Abnormalities Tracheomalacia Congenital Stenosis (Subglottic/Tracheal) Tracheal Bronchus Tracheal Diverticula (Tracheocele)...

conclusions although very rare, mdr miliary tb can be seen in immunocompetent subjects. we, thereby, emphasize that early recognition and initiation of treatment are associated with a significant improvement in outcomes. tuberculosis remains a serious worldwide health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality. case presentation our case was a young female patient with in vitro fertil...

purpose : to evaluate the incidence of leber’s congenital amaurosis (lca) in low vision children referred to electrophysiology ward of farabi eye hospital , and review the clinical features of disease and electroretiongraphy (erg) test values to confirm the diagnosis and severity of the disease in iran . design: prospective observational case series methods : two-hundred and fifteen cases of lo...

figs. 113. 37s. 6d.) Edinburgh and London: E. & S. Livingstone, 1960. BONE and joint tuberculosis in children has almost disappeared, and perhaps we may now expect a similar fall in the incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis. The relative importance of congenital deformities must therefore inevitably rise, and it may even be that, with a falling neonatal mortality, there will be a rise also in th...

To evaluate the genetic damage induced by tuberculosis infection and also by a combination of therapeutic exposure to anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs (isoniazid + rifampicin + pyrazinamide + ethambutol or streptomycin) we have considered chromosome aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) in binucleate peripheral blood lymphocytes from 36 patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis prior to r...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease worldwide. However, nasal TB is quite rare, and the diagnosis of nasal TB requires a high index of suspicion. The most common symptoms of this unusual presentation are nasal obstruction and nasal discharge. We present a case of nasal TB with involvement of the hard palate presenting with a chronically progressive nasal deformity and ulceration of the hard p...