Abstract Water constraints disturb and damage the growth development of grassland vegetation mainly through both atmospheric soil pathways. In background rapid climate change in future, impacts water on grasslands are expected to further deepen. However, current studies lack reports exploring frequency, intensity, area land-atmospheric compound drought carbon indicators ecosystems. this study, ...

This paper analyses the behavior of the crossover operator in a hardware implementation of Genetic Programming using Field Programmable Gate Arrays. Three different crossover operators that limit the lengths of programs are analysed: A truncating operator, a limiting operator that constrains the lengths of both offspring and a limiting operator that only constrains the length of one offspring. ...