Federal funding provides state public and private health care systems the ability to build and maintain a reserve supply of ventilators for emergency response to mass casualty incidents. Studying and planning the ventilator reserve capability requires subject-matter expertise, identification of best mechanical-ventilation practices and quality care standards, and contingency planning. Natural d...

Most planners constructed up to now are qualitative: they deal with uncertainty by considering all possible outcomes of each plan, without quantifying their relative likelihood. They then choose a plan that deals with the worst-case scenario. However, it is clearly infeasible to plan for every possible contingency. Even beyond the purely computational considerations, planning for highly unlikel...

Replanning is a powerful mechanism for controlling robot motion under hard constraints and unpredictable disturbances, but it involves an inherent tradeoff between the planner’s power (e.g., a planning horizon or time cutoff) and its responsiveness to disturbances. We present a real-time replanning technique that uses adaptive time stepping to learn the amount of time needed for a sample-based ...

The structural contingency perspective has been widely used in information systems development (ISD) project risk management research. This paper develops an integrative model to explore the moderating effects of uncertainty on the relationship between risk management and IS development project performance from a vendor perspective, rather than the client perspective that is mainly employed in ...

Trip chaining is a phenomenon that has a significant impact on urban transportation and activity systems. This paper argues that an appropriate representation of the underlying behavioral processes in models of trip chaining is crucial to the capability and reliability of the models. To examine the behavioral processes, data on the complete processes of activity scheduling and trip chaining wer...

During the past decade, an increased focus on charismatic and transformational leadership has led to a diminished recognition of the importance of transactional leadership behaviours for successful information systems. We say that this is important because recent studies have shown that transactional leadership, in the form of contingent reward behaviour, can have substantial effects on employe...

A recent computational neural model of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), namely the predicted response-outcome (PRO) model (Alexander and Brown, 2011), suggests that mPFC learns to predict the outcomes of actions. The model accounted for a wide range of data on the mPFC. Nevertheless, numerous recent findings suggest that mPFC may signal predictions and prediction errors even when the predicted ...

Diagnostic problem solving involves a myriad of reasoning tasks associated with the determination of diagnoses, the generation and execution of tests to discriminate diagnoses, and the determination and execution of actions to alleviate symptoms and/or their root causes. Fundamental to diagnostic problem solving is the need to reason about action and change. In this work we explore these myriad...

Most planners constructed up to now are qualitative: they deal with uncertainty by considering all possible outcomes of each plan, without quantifying their relative likelihood. They then choose a plan that deals with the worstcase scenario. However, it is clearly infeasible to plan for every possible contingency. Even beyond the purely computational considerations, planning for highly unlikely...