BACKGROUND Axillary lymph node dissection for staging the axilla in breast carcinoma patients is associated with considerable morbidity, such as edema of the arm, pain, sensory disturbances, impairment of arm mobility, and shoulder stiffness. Sentinel lymph node biopsy electively removes the first lymph node, which gets the drainage from the tumor and should therefore be associated with nearly ...

Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is a clinically aggressive rare form cancer. Patients with IMPC present higher clinical stages, histological degrees, rate lymph-vascular invasion and axillary lymph node extracapsular extension. In this case report, we seek to explore share our experience invasive give literature review standard care.

PURPOSE Compare the lymphatic flow in the arm after breast cancer surgery and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) versus sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using lymphos-cintigraphy (LS). PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study with 39 women >18 years who underwent surgical treatment for unilateral breast cancer and manipulation of the axillary lymph node chain through either ALND or SL...

BACKGROUND The standard treatment of the axilla in breast cancer used to be an axillary lymph node dissection. An axillary lymph node dissection is known to give substantial risks of morbidity. In recent years the sentinel node biopsy has become common practice. Future randomized study results will determine whether the expected decrease in morbidity can be proven. METHODS Before the introduc...

With the improvement of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the proportion of pathological complete response (pCR) in the breast and axillary lymph node (ALN) is increasing. The evaluation of pCR does not include the status of internal mammary lymph node (IMLN). This study is to evaluate the roles of both axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy (ASLNB) and internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy (I...

BACKGROUND Ultrasound (US) is more sensitive than physical examination alone in determining axillary lymph node involvement during preliminary staging of breast carcinoma. Due to occasional overlap of sonographic features of benign and indeterminate lymph nodes, fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of sonographically indeterminate/suspicious lymph nodes can provide a more definitive diagnosis than US a...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most commonly occurring malignancies in females in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Axillary clearance is an integral part of the surgical treatment of breast cancer. Precise analysis of lymph node involvement for proper staging and adjuvant therapy is therefore necessary. During axillary dissection, lymph nodes at levels I, II and III are removed, while ...

PURPOSE The study was to estimate the likelihood of axillary downstaging and to identify the factors predicting a pathologically node negative status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with or without trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer. METHODS Patients with HER2-positive, stage IIa-IIIc breast cancer were enrolled. Axillary status was evaluated by palpation and fine needle aspirati...

Axillary lymph node (ALN) status is an important factor in the staging, prognosis and selection of an appropriate treatment modality in early breast cancer. Axillary dissection is currently the standard of care in patients with a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) (Mcmasters et al., 2000; Cady, 2001). Recently, the survival benefit of completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for all pat...