In this brief review we describe the theory of the origin of Galactic cosmic rays. The concept that interaction near the source is the dominant source of γ-rays, and spallation secondaries seems best suited to explain the EGRET γ-spectrum of the inner Galaxy, the abundances of light elements, the anti-protons and the positrons. Also the chemical abundances seem best described as resulting from ...

Intercluster medium is expected to be turbulent with turbulence being superAlfvenic at large scales. Magnetic fields substantially modify the turbulent cascade when the turbulence reaches the scales at which the fluctuation velocity gets less than the Alfven velocity. At those scales it is possible to consider three cascades, of fast, slow and Alfven modes with little energy exchange between th...

We present the results of a numerical simulation of propagation of cosmic rays with energy above 10 eV in a complex magnetic field, made in general of a large scale component and a turbulent component. Several configurations are investigated that may represent specific aspects of a realistic magnetic field of the Galaxy, though the main purpose of this investigation is not to achieve a realisti...

We review the observed properties of anomalous cosmic rays and the present status of our knowledge of the processes by which they originate. We compiled a comprehensive set of ACR energy spectral data from various spacecraft throughout the heliosphere during the passes of Ulysses over the poles of the Sun and present first results of a detailed modeling effort. In several contributions, we disc...

It is proposed that the highest energy ∼ 10 20 eV cosmic ray primaries are protons, decay products of a long-lived progenitor whose high kinetic energy arises from decay of a distant (cosmological) superheavy particle, G. Such a scenario can occur in e.g. SU (15) grand unification and in some preon models, but is more generic; if true, these unusual cosmic rays provide a window into new physics...

The Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer, SAMPEX, will carry out energetic particle studies of outstanding scientific questions in the fields of space plasma physics, solar physics, magnetospheric and middle atmospheric physics, and cosmic ray physics. SAMPEX will measure the electron and ion composition of energetic particle populations from ~0.4 MeV/nucleon to hundreds of Me...

We review the current state and future prospect of ultra high energy cosmic ray physics and the relationship between cosmic rays and gamma-ray astrophysics.

I review here some of the physics we are learning and expect to learn in the near future through the observation of cosmic rays. The study of cosmic rays involves a combination of data from accelerators, ground arrays, atmospheric fluorescence detectors and balloon and satellite experiments. I will discuss the data of the Pierre Auger Observatory, PAMELA, ATIC and FST among other experiments.

Context. The Milagro experiment has announced the discovery of an excess flux of TeV cosmic rays from the general direction of the heliotail, also close to the Galactic anti–Center. Aims. We investigate the hypothesis that the excess cosmic rays were produced in the SN explosion which gave birth to the Geminga pulsar. Methods. The assumptions underlying our proposed scenario are that the Geming...