An emerging consensus among policy makers is that interventions undertaken by Internet Service Providers are the best way to counter the rising incidence of malware. However, assessing the suitability of countermeasures at this scale is hard. In this paper, we use an agent-based model, called ASIM, to investigate the impact of policy interventions at the Autonomous System level of the Internet....

With the significant reliance of proactive monitoring of computer networks on security information management systems, a requirement is to provide appropriate and comprehensive countermeasures to perceived threats on the entire network. A security response mechanism is proposed that combines both generic and fuzzy response models to provide automated (static and dynamic) security countermeasure...

In this short note we review the state-of-the-art of sidechannel attacks on implementations of stream ciphers. We overview published work. We also survey the most commonly used countermeasures and how they influence the cost and security of an implementation. The recommendations given in this note result from our practical experience with side-channel attacks and countermeasures in general, and...

User privacy is widely affected by the occurrence of privacy-invasive software (PIS) on the Internet. We present a computer forensic investigation method for detecting and analysing PIS. In an experiment we use this method to evaluate both the evolution of PIS and associated countermeasures, over a four year period. Background information on both PIS and countermeasure techniques are also prese...

Immobilization in hospitalized medical patients or during simulation of spaceflight induced deconditioning has been shown to be associated with loss of muscle mass and bone. Resistance vibrating exercise (RVE) and/or high protein diet are countermeasures, which are capable of mitigating the adverse effects of immobilization. We investigated the effect of these countermeasures on the coagulation...

Netball is the most popular team based sport in Australia, played predominantly by females of all ages and skill levels although male and mixed competitions are becoming increasingly popular. Netball has been described as a game reliant on rapid acceleration to “break free” from an opponent, sudden and rapid changes in direction in combination with leaps to receive a pass, intercept a ball or r...

Phosphorus losses from arable land need to be reduced to prevent eutrophication of surrounding waters. Owing to the high spatial variability of P losses, cost-effective countermeasures need to target parts of the catchment that are most susceptible to P losses. Field surveys identified critical source areas for overland flow and erosion amounting to only 0.4-2.6 % of total arable land in four d...

It is well known that automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems can be vulnerable to spoofing. The community has responded to the threat by developing dedicated countermeasures aimed at detecting spoofing attacks. Progress in this area has accelerated over recent years, partly as a result of the first standard evaluation, ASVspoof 2015, which focused on spoofing detection in isolation from A...

Terrorism is one of many possible tactics to which actors may resort in political conflicts; however, previous studies of the strategic substitution within terrorism have primarily focused on shifts in attack modes following government countermeasures. Yet, the decision to resort to specific violent tactics can be highly complex, and will typically also depend on number of factors other than go...

A longstanding and still-increasing threat to the effective treatment of infectious diseases is resistance to antimicrobial countermeasures. Potentially, the targeting of host proteins and pathways essential for the detrimental effects of pathogens offers an approach that may discover broad-spectrum anti-pathogen countermeasures and circumvent the effects of pathogen mutations leading to resist...