In three-dimensional (3-D) cluttered scenes such as foliage, deeper surfaces often are more shadowed and hence darker, and so depth and luminance often have negative covariance. We examined whether the sign of depth-luminance covariance plays a role in depth perception in 3-D clutter. We compared scenes rendered with negative and positive depth-luminance covariance where positive covariance mea...

A data depth is one of the most important concepts of nonparametric multivariate analysis. Several depth functions have been introduced since 1980. The halfspace depth is probably the most popular. This depth function has many desirable properties (they are stated in the general definition of statictical depth function). We show a way of generalization of the halfspace depth finding a broader c...

This paper studies single-image depth perception in the wild, i.e., recovering depth from a single image taken in unconstrained settings. We introduce a new dataset “Depth in the Wild” consisting of images in the wild annotated with relative depth between pairs of random points. We also propose a new algorithm that learns to estimate metric depth using annotations of relative depth. Compared to...

This paper explores the new image processing domain involving images from depth cameras. While depth camera are a 2D array of data, the information they store is three dimensional in nature. Given a good depth image, the question now becomes what can we do with this added information. This paper explores the specific application of image relighting. Signal processing techniques of Guassian and ...

Resonant properties of optically thin metamaterials are studied by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Both the lower energy inductor-capacitor (LC) and the higher energy dipole resonances of the planar double split-ring resonators (SRRs) exhibit characteristic evolution with various sub-skin-depth thicknesses of the constituent Pb film. The signature of the LC resonance begins to emerge at a c...

Many processes and models produce trees with depth scaling logarithmically with the number of leaves. Phylogenetic trees, describing the evolutionary relationships between biological species, are examples of trees for which such scaling is not observed. With this motivation, we analyze numerically two branching models leading to non-logarithmic depth scaling. For the first one, Ford’s alphamode...

A turbulent diffusion model shows that there are two different mechanisms for the development of phytoplankton blooms. One of these mechanisms works in well-mixed environments and corresponds to the classical critical depth theory. The other mechanism is based on the rate of turbulent mixing. If turbulent mixing is less than a critical turbulence, phytoplankton growth rates exceed the vertical ...

A turbulent diffusion model shows that there are two different mechanisms for the development of phytoplankton blooms. One of these mechanisms works in well-mixed environments and corresponds to the classical critical depth theory. The other mechanism is based on the rate of turbulent mixing. If turbulent mixing is less than a critical turbulence, phytoplankton growth rates exceed the vertical ...

We motivate and analyse a reaction-advection-diffusion model for the dynamics of a phytoplankton species. The reproductive rate of the phytoplankton is determined by the local light intensity. The light intensity decreases with depth due to absorption by water and phytoplankton. Phytoplankton is transported by turbulent diffusion in a water column of given depth. Furthermore, it might be sinkin...