BACKGROUND It is believed that laboratory tariffs in Iran don't reflect the real costs. This might expose private laboratories at financial hardship. Activity Based Costing is widely used as a cost measurement instrument to more closely approximate the true cost of operations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the real price of different clinical tests of a selected private clinical lab...

We investigate loan price in mergers and acquisitions (M&As), using hand-matched information for a sample of 512 U.S. M&A transactions. find the relative size deal constitutes prominent determinant measured by all-in spread drawn (AISD). This result is robust to several specifications that address endogeneity concerns. Cross-sectional analyses show aggravated credit risk uncertainty after go so...

We study optimal monetary policy in an analytically tractable heterogeneous agent New Keynesian model with rich cross-sectional heterogeneity. Optimal differs from a representative benchmark because can affect consumption inequality, by stabilizing risk arising both idiosyncratic shocks and unequal exposures to aggregate shocks. The trade-off between productive efficiency, price stability is su...

The practice of developing predictive models on large volumes of data is classified as data mining. Cross-sectional time series manifests itself in cases where data for different departments, locations, part or SKU numbers are collected over time. The target or response measures may include product counts, sales, and a variety of inputs or independent pieces of information that are associated w...

For over thirty years, the model of Lucas (1978) has been the platform of research on dynamic asset pricing and business cycles. This model restricts the intertemporal behavior of asset prices and ties those restrictions to cross-sectional behavior (the “equity premium”). The intertemporal restrictions reject the strictest interpretation of the Efficient Markets Hypothesis, namely, that prices ...

Fama and French (1992) show that size and book-to-price dominate CAPM beta and other variables such as the price-earnings ratio and dividend yield in explaining the cross-section of US stock returns. Comparable evidence for the UK points to a book-to-price effect, but not a size effect (Chan and Chui, 1996; Strong and Xu, 1997). In this paper, our first contribution is to show that a measure of...

We document that short-run deviations between prices and fundamentals can be identified in real time using equity analysts’ target price forecasts. While a given target price itself need not provide an accurate estimate of true fundamental values, relative valuations of firms within an industry, on average, are more precise. This finding allows us to disentangle information and liquidity induce...

We develop an external habit persistence model where the time series of the aggregate portfolio and the cross section of stock returns are simultaneously studied and tested. By applying a slightly modi...ed version of the model of Campbell and Cochrane (1999), we obtain closed form solutions for individual securities prices and returns and a full characterizations of the dynamics of the risk-re...

The human cochlea shows considerable interindividual variability in size and morphology. In order to develop atraumatic cochlear implant (CI) electrodes, high-precision details of the variability of human anatomy are required. Sixteen human temporal bones were cut around the cochlea in blocks of approximately 3.5 × 3.5 cm. The bones were scanned by using a Skyscan 1173 micro-computed tomography...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that more opportunities exist for tax avoidance when cigarette excise tax structure departs from a uniform specific structure. However, the association between tax structure and cigarette price variability has not been thoroughly studied in the existing literature. OBJECTIVE To examine how cigarette tax structure is associated with price variability. The v...