The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) was devised to measure the inhibition of heuristic responses to favour analytic ones. Toplak, West and Stanovich (2011) demonstrated that the CRT was a powerful predictor of heuristics and biases task performance proposing it as a metric of the cognitive miserliness central to dual process theories of thinking. This thesis was examined using reasoning respons...

The Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) is one of the most popular measures individual differences in rational thought and decision making. To overcome issue overlap with numeracy, a novel measure cognitive reflection less related to numeracy math anxiety than Numerical CRT was developed—Verbal CRT. present research had two main aims: first investigate generalizability Verbal cultural contexts outs...

PURPOSE Whether preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is better than postoperative CRT in oncologic outcome and toxicity is contentious in prospective randomized clinical trials. We systematically analyze and compare the treatment result, toxicity, and sphincter preservation rate between preoperative CRT and postoperative CRT in stage II-III rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched Med...

OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that reductions in left atrial volume (LAV) with a cardiac resynchronization therapy-defibrillator (CRT-D) would translate into a subsequent reduction in the risk of atrial tachyarrhythmias (AT). BACKGROUND There is limited information regarding the effect of CRT-D on the risk of AT. METHODS Percent reduction in LAV at 1 year following CRT-D implantation (pre-spec...

PURPOSE To investigate outcomes for elderly patients treated with chemotherapy (CT) alone versus chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in the modern era by using a large national database. PATIENTS AND METHODS Elderly patients (age ≥ 70 years) with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer clinical stage I to III who received CT or CRT were identified in the National Cancer Data Base between 2003 and 2011. Hier...

PURPOSE To investigate whether before and after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) positron emission tomography (PET) predict for pathologic response after preoperative CRT in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Thirty-five patients who underwent pre-CRT and post-CRT PET scans before surgery were included. All patients were staged with endoscopic ultrasound or high resolution C...

BACKGROUND Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) improves outcomes in selected patients with heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction. One mechanism of benefit is believed to be favourable ventricular remodelling. Whether CRT also decreases the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias and risk of sudden death is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of CRT on frequency of ventricular...

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective and well-established therapy for patients suffering with heart failure, left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤35%), and electrical dyssynchrony, demonstrated by a surface QRS duration of ≥120 ms. Patients undergoing treatment with CRT have shown significant improvement in functional class, quality of life, LV eject...

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) threw lights on heart failure treatment, however, parts of patients showed nonresponse to CRT. Unfortunately, it lacks effective parameters to predict CRT non-response. In present study, we try to seek effective electro-echocardiographic predictors on CRT non-response. This is a retrospective study to review a total of 227 patients of dyssynchronous heart...

Several pieces of experimental evidence indicate the following: 1) the most efficient antitumor treatments (this principle applies on both chemotherapy and radiotherapy) are those that induce immunogenic cell death and are able to trigger a specific antitumor immune response; and 2) the immunogenicity of cell death depends very closely on the plasma membrane quantity of calreticulin (CRT), an e...