Within this paper we provide insight into how the activities associated with security verification and validation (V&V) are practiced, supported, and perceived, within software SMEs. We justify the importance of studying security V&V as a socio-technical activity and employ the Socio-Technical Interaction Network (STIN) framework when presenting the results of an industry-based empirical study....

Nowadays urban pollution exposure from road transport has become a great concern in major cities throughout the world. A modelling framework has been developed to simulate Personal Exposure Frequency Distributions (PEFDs) as a function of urban background and roadside pollutant concentrations, under different traffic conditions. In this paper, we present a technique for classifying roads, accor...

the human being attitudes, customs and their style of life are explained through their musical system design. so far the music is a part of the culture, therefore, to understand a culture one should also consider musical aspect of that culture. the human being attitudes, customs and their style of life are explained through their musical system design. so far the music is a part of the culture,...

Socio-technical systems are an interplay of social (humans and organizations) and technical components interacting with one another to achieve their objectives. Security is a central issue in such complex systems, and it cannot be tackled only through technical mechanisms: the encryption of sensitive data while being transmitted, does not assure that the receiver will not disclose them to unaut...

Ethical organizational culture as a social phenomenon has drawn scholars and organizations’ attention after the global economic crisis in 2008 which, once again, proved the importance of the ethical component of organizational culture as a phenomena potentially accounting for organizational failures. A practical need for management of ethics in organizational culture calls for robust measuremen...

The central issue in strategy formulation and implementation process, or strategy-making, is the identification of environmental forces and the preparation of a plan of action to deal with them. This necessitates scanning the environment for gathering information. Environmental scanning should enable the firm to identify these forces. Doing this not only calls for information gathering, but als...

Knowledge Management Systems as socio-technical system perspectives has recognized for decades. Practitioners and scholars belief Knowledge Management is best carried out throught the optimization both technological and social-aspect. Lacking of understand and consider both aspects could lead organizations in misinterpretation while developing and implementing Knowledge Management System. There...

Background: Oral health is a key indicator of overall health, well-being and quality life. It covers wide range diseases conditions that include dental caries, periodontal disease, tooth loss, oral cancer, oro-dental trauma, normal birth defects such as cleft lip palate. Social culture affects socio-economic, lifestyle, gender culture. Methods: This study uses systematic review method on resear...