STUDY OBJECTIVES To review the available data on the early detection of lung cancer, with a focus on three technologies: chest x-ray (CXR), sputum cytology, and low-dose CT (LDCT) scanning. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Review of published clinical studies of early detection technologies. The best available evidence on each topic was selected for analysis. Randomized trials were used to evalu...

BACKGROUND The grading of radiological severity in clinical trials in tuberculosis (TB) remains unstandardised. The aim of this study was to generate and validate a numerical score for grading chest x-ray (CXR) severity and predicting response to treatment in adults with smear-positive pulmonary TB. METHODS At a TB clinic in Papua, Indonesia, serial CXRs were performed at diagnosis, 2 and 6 m...

Patients and methods 70 patients presenting with acute dyspnea have been enrolled. On admission every patient underwent to LUS and chest X-ray (CXR). Ultrasound findings of Interstitial Alveolar Syndrome (IAS), which correlate with an increase in interstitial lung water, were reported. On the results of LUS, the patients were attributed to 2 different diagnostic groups: Group 1: patients with c...

BACKGROUND Prior studies demonstrate the suitability of natural language processing (NLP) for identifying pneumonia in chest radiograph (CXR) reports, however, few evaluate this approach in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS From a total of 194,615 ICU reports, we empirically developed a lexicon to categorize pneumonia-relevant terms and uncertainty profiles. We encoded lexicon items...

A 62-year-old female suspected of malignant disease underwent a splenectomy that revealed noncaseating granulomas in the histological specimen. Chest X-ray (CXR) and lung CT scans suggested sarcoidosis stage II. TBLB showed noncaseating granulomas. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made. Initially no treatment was needed as partial remission on CXR and normal lung function were observed. During th...

BACKGROUND Computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is a gold standard test for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE), but is reported to be over prescribed. We performed this study to determine over prescription of CTPAs at a District General Hospital (DGH) in the United Kingdom. Our secondary aim was to establish a cause of its over-prescription. METHODS We retrospectively revie...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem worldwide, and highly prevalent in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 95% of TB deaths occur in lowand middleincome countries that often have under-resourced health care systems. In an effort to aid population screening in such resource challenged settings, the U.S. National Library of Medicine has deve...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of screening for lung cancer (LC) in smokers on a population level, as distinct from the special circumstances that may apply in a randomized trial of selected volunteers, has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we evaluate by the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) indicator the impact of a chest X-ray (CXR) screening programme carried out at community level on L...

One of the major health problems of global concern is Tuberculosis (TB). According to global report of the WHO, approximately 1.3 million people, out of the 8.6 million reported, died of TB in 2012. Most of the TB deaths can be prevented if it is detected at an early stage. Hindrance to this is improper diagnosis at initial stages. Chest X ray (CXR) image is the primary medical diagnosis used f...

BACKGROUND Discrepancy between X-ray readings of emergency physicians (EPs) versus radiologists was reported between 0.95% and 16.8% in different studies. The discordance was even higher when specific studies such as chest X-rays (CXR) were probed. OBJECTIVES This prospective study was conducted to assess the discrepancies between emergency and radiology departments with respect to interpreta...