An endogenous anticancer agent, 15-deoxy -Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) induces apoptosis in the chemoresistant renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor for 15d-PGJ2, and mediates the cytotoxicity of 15d-PGJ2 in many cancerous cells. However, 15d-PGJ2 induces apoptosis independently of PPARγ in human RCC cell line such as Caki-2...

A multi-kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, was recently approved and is currently recommended for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, HCC treatment outcomes are still poor and necessitate improvement. Therefore, we investigated the influence of sorafenib in combination with each of cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, hypoxia or...

The present work was designed to investigate the effect of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on human skin malignant melanoma (A375) cells, for example, induction of apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and DNA damage. Diseases resulting from dermal exposure may have a significant impact on human health. There is a little study that has been reported on the toxic potential of PdNPs on A375. Cytotoxic potenti...

BACKGROUND/AIM Limited data are available on the effect of melatonin (MLT) on the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in tumor cells. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of MLT on the cytotoxicity of different chemotherapeutic agents in leukemia cells in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiments were carried out using human leukemia cell lines, Jurkat, MOLT-4, Daudi, HL-60, C...

The 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives are a known class of calcium channel blockers. Some derivatives of DHP showed significant cytotoxicity. It was shown that this effect may not be the result of interaction with Ca(2+) channels. In this study, we performed an investigation about the intrinsic cytotoxicity of some derivatives of DHP containing nitroimidazole moiety on their C4 position on ...

The cytotoxicity of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) toward human leukemic promyelocytic cells HL-60 was examined. DEPs were toxic and cytotoxicity increased in a dose-dependent manner. All cells died with 750 microg/ml DEPs in culture media. Apoptosis occurred in HL-60 cells exposed to DEPs. The cytotoxicity of DEP extracts with organic solvents was much lower than those of DEPs and organic sol...

We measured natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and cortisol and prolactin concentrations in peripheral venous blood samples obtained from pregnant Gabonese women at the time of delivery. The NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in vitro was lower in samples obtained from primiparous women than in samples obtained from multiparous women; cortisol c...

OBJECTIVE To investigate VIP effect on the cytotoxicity of NK cell to gastric cancer cells in vitro and the relation between the effect with the NKG2D signal molecules in NK cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS NK cells were purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Before and after NK cells were incubated with VIP or its antagonist (D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17)-VIP, we detected the cytotoxicity ...

Artemisinin, a chemical compound used for the treatment of malaria, has been known to show anti-cancer activity. However, the effect of this chemical on natural killer (NK) cells, which are involved in tumor killing, remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that artemisinin exerts a potent anti-cancer effect by activating NK cells. NK-92MI cells pre-treated with artemisinin were subjected to a cyt...

(-)-Englerin A ((-)-EA) has a rapid and potent cytotoxic effect on several types of cancer cell that is mediated by plasma membrane ion channels containing transient receptor potential canonical 4 (TRPC4) protein. Because these channels are Ca2+-permeable, it was initially thought that the cytotoxicity arose as a consequence of Ca2+ overload. Here we show that this is not the case and that the ...