Introduction: Health management of ewes during the dry-period is important for optimum production in sheep flocks. Health management during that period should ensure that, at lambing, ewes produce large, viable lamb(s) and have milk production adequate to ensure survival of lamb(s) until weaning. This papers presents the principles of health management of ewes during the dry-period. Some differ...

Mammary secretions (n = 34 cows) and mammary phagocytes (n = 18 cows) were collected throughout the nonlactating (dry) period to determine changes in intramammary phagocytic defense mechanisms. Mammary secretions were evaluated for their ability to support phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by neutrophils from donor cows and mammary phagocytes for phagocytic and chemiluminescence activity. A...

Cows will typically experience a 30 to 35% reduction in feed intake during the final two to three weeks prior to calving. Blood fatty acids at calving are negatively related to feed intake and positively related to incidence of postpartum metabolic disorders. Feed and manage cows to maximize feed intake during the transition period. Over conditioned cows are likely to have poor appetites, but d...

A total of eight Simmental heifers (114 ± 3.2 days old and weighing 118 ± 3.8 kg BW) were used to study the effects of feeding method on intake and animal behaviour in a crossover design experiment. Treatments consisted of feeding concentrate and chopped barley straw as (1) choice (CH; concentrate and straw in separate feedbunks) or (2) total mixed ration (TMR; concentrate and straw in one feed...

This experiment evaluated weight gain responses to supplemental Zn by cows and calves grazing forage containing less than 20 ppm Zn. One hundred cow-calf pairs in each of 2 years and 120 paird in a third year were pastured together over a 63- to 77-day preliminary period during which cows were exposed to bulls. Each experimental period began in mid-June after bulls were removed and continued fo...

Take Home Message  Use of intramammary antimicrobial dry cow treatment (DCT) is fundamental for effective mastitis control but even with the use of DCT, about 2530% of cows may have quarters that maintain chronic intramammary infections across the dry period  Quarters with chronic intramammary infections have 4 times increased risk of having clinical mastitis in the current lactation as compa...

in this study production of iranian uf white cheese with probiotic strains of lactobacillus acidophilus and bifidobacterium lactis was investigated. cheese samples were ripened at 6°c for 60 days. the viability of probiotic strains and chemical compositions such as dry matter, ph, salt, protein and fat were assayed during ripening days. cheese samples also were analyzed in terms of textural pro...

Different studies consider the possibility of including history mathematics in classroom. However, its inclusion teaching and learning depends on conceptions it that teachers have, among other factors. This study displays a comparative analysis between opinions primary education teachers-to-be at secondary school A-levels after realization an activity related to two historical or unusual multip...