E.T. Jaynes, originator of the maximum entropy interpretation of statistical mechanics, emphasized that there is an inevitable trade-off between the conflicting requirements of robustness and accuracy for any inferencing algorithm. This is because robustness requires discarding of information in order to reduce the sensitivity to outliers. The principal of nonlinear statistical coupling, which ...

The goal of this study was to explore the feasibility of continuous neurophysiological assessment of different psychological aspects of a team process. The teams consisted of the MBA students who discussed and attempted to solve a case problem dealing with corporate social responsibility (i.e. child labor). At the end of the team process, two types of psychological metrics (i.e., engagement and...

Marginal utility theory prescribes the relationship between the objective property of the magnitude of rewards and their subjective value. Despite its pervasive influence, however, there is remarkably little direct empirical evidence for such a theory of value, let alone of its neurobiological basis. We show that human preferences in an intertemporal choice task are best described by a model th...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Since the 1990s, as many women as men have been entering and graduating from medical schools in Western countries. Up to date, prospective studies of physicians' career paths are lacking. This paper presents the data of the first assessment of a longitudinal survey of a cohort of Swiss medical school graduates, evaluated with regard to how gender and personality traits...

The paper concerns a certain modification of the generalized Hoede-Bakker index a notion defined for a social network of players. In the original Hoede-Bakker set up, preferences of players are involved. It is assumed that a player has an inclination either to accept or to reject a proposal, but due to the influence of others, his final decision may be different from his original inclination. I...

Background: The COVID–19 pandemic is a health issue and concern that posed domino effects along with health, economy, transportation, education, among others. In response to the pandemic, governments institutions worldwide have implemented various measures slow down spread of virus. Philippines, both national local responded COVID-19 declarations emergency, community quarantine, closure schools...

Introduction: Ethical decision-making by nursing managers is influenced by various essential factors, such as courage, without which it is impossible to act on them. Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of nursing managers about courage in ethical decision-making. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted in Iran by a qualitative content analysis approach in 201...

Perceptions play a pivotal role in assessment of efficiency government communication. Informed by the strategic narrative conceptual framework this study looks at perception communication Internet comments during three essential dates conquering COVID-19 pandemic Latvia: introduction emergency situations on March 12 and November 6, 2020, curfew December 29, 2020. The uncovers how often main spo...