A sequence of single femtosecond pulses is used to create a pattern of laser affected spots at increasing depths below the surface of transparent biopolymer samples. Materials with different water contents and mechanical strengths, gelatine, chitosan, synthetic polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and biopolymer-polymer blends, are irradiated near the edge of the sample with an amplified Titanium:Sapphire la...

Recent experimental results from ultra-small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering (USANS and USAXS) studies of complex fluids, including colloidal dispersions, colloidal glasses, polymer blends, and biopolymer gels, are reviewed. We focus on data analysis and interpretation in the low q regime. New notable results include the apparent existence of large-scale structure in attractive colloidal gla...

16 Cellulose, the major constituent of all plant materials and the most abundant 17 organic molecule on the Earth, is a linear biopolymer of glucose molecules, connected 18 by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose requires mixtures of 19 hydrolytic enzymes including endoglucanases, exoglucanases (cellobiohydrolases) and 20 β-glucosidases acting in a synergistic manner. In bi...

biopolymers are environmental friendly sources as renewable and sustainable substituents for petroleum-based polymers. application of these polymers is common in variety of industries including papermaking. herbalexudate gums have been used in papermaking industry for decades, especially paper recycling. in this study, gum polysaccharide exudates from baridje plant  (ferula gummosa) extracted a...

Plastics are low molecular weight organic materials, that are non degradable in the natural environment. Generation of plastic waste constitutes a major part of Municipal Solid Waste. This creates a lot of environment pollution, which in turn affects ecosystem and human health. The solution to tackle this dreadful situation lies in following 3R namely Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Waste plastics c...

This paper focuses on the developing a mechanistic model of the biopolymerization process and linking with the feedforward neural network model to obtain a hybrid model of lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) for Poly (ε-caprolactone) PCL production using feed forward neural networks and control using model predictive control. Model predictive control (MPC) has ...

Lignin is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth, right after cellulose, with a highly complex chemical structure that hinders its possible utilizations. As a consequence, it is mostly burned as an inexpensive resource, generating green electricity or heat that in turn can be used for the deconstruction of biomass itself. Applications that utilize lignin in different manners are of great ...

Eumelanin biopolymer synthetized from L-DOPA has been characterized by Raman and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Although Raman spectra of eumelanin were scarcely resolved, SERS measurements of this biopolymer on nanostructured gold substrate, provided a large enhancement of vibrational peaks related to functional groups adherent to the substrate, so that well resolved vibrational s...