The scales of the arapaima (Arapaima gigas), one of the largest freshwater fish in the world, can serve as inspiration for the design of flexible dermal armor. Each scale is composed of two layers: a laminate composite of parallel collagen fibrils and a hard, highly mineralized surface layer. We review the structure of the arapaima scales and examine the functions of the different layers, focus...

Drilling-induced delamination often occurs both at the entrance and the exit of the workpiece during drilling of composite material. Investigators have studied analytically and experimentally that delamination in drilling can be correlated to the thrust force of the drill. With a pre-drilled pilot hole, the delamination can be reduced significantly. Early reference reported models of drilling-i...

Delamination caused by low velocity impact is one of the most frequent cases of damage in sandwich composite materials. When delamination is present the ability of the material to withstand structural loading is limited [1, 2]. In many cases, a local repair of a damaged sandwich structure is preferable over replacement for economical, mechanical and environmental reasons. Bonded repairs are wid...

A study was undertaken using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to measure delamination and compare that measurement, which can be performed on the sample repeatedly, with the accepted method of cathodic disbondment (CD) testing, the major drawback of which is that this measurement can only be done once on the sample; in reaching this goal, EIS could be used to predict delamination based on...

STUDY DESIGN Microstructural investigation of vibration-induced disruption of the flexed lumbar disc. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore micro-level structural damage in motion segments subjected to vibration at subcritical peak loads. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Epidemiological evidence suggests that cumulative whole body vibration may damage the disc and thus play an important r...

The susceptibility of QFN package to delamination, particularly in the area between the Ni/Pd/Au leadframe die pad and mold compound, has been a major concern to many IC manufacturers. The presence of a Ni/Pd/Au oxide layer on the leadframe of QFN packages was found to cause delamination at the die pad or mold compound interface. Delamination refers to the disbonding between a surface of the mo...

in this research, b4c-ni cermet coating was sprayed on the surface of 4130 steel from b4c and ni feed-stockpowders using high velocity oxy-fuel (hvof) method. in order to characterize the tribological behavior of thecoating, ball on disk wear tests were done at the ambient temperature and under the loads of 1, 3 and 5 n.phase analysis of the coating after spraying was studied by x-ray diffracto...

Coordination of neural crest cell (NCC) induction and delamination is orchestrated by several transcription factors. Among these, Sry-related HMG box-9 (Sox9) and Snail2 have been implicated in both the induction of NCC identity and, together with phoshorylation, NCC delamination. How phosphorylation effects this function has not been clear. Here we show, in the developing chick neural tube, th...

It is difficult to detect delamination of rotating composite components like helicopter and wind turbine blades while in-service with a wired system. In the present study, a wireless system using a tiny oscillation circuit for detecting delamination of carbon/epoxy composites is proposed. In this system, a tiny oscillation circuit is attached to the composite component. When delamination of the...