There has been a troublesome anomaly in the UK between cash payment to men for sperm donation and the effective assumption that women will pay to donate eggs. Some commentators, including Donald Evans in this journal, have argued that the anomaly should be resolved by treating women on the same terms as men. But this argument ignores important difficulties about property in the body, particular...

The innovative idea of introducing a third party (Ronen,2002) into the agency relationship has motivated our proposal of a co-payment scheme as a solution to financial misreporting. In the co-payment scheme, both the client firm and a third party such as FASB are asked to share the auditing fee. We will demonstrate that the participation of a third party can create an endogenous collusion cost ...

The performance-based payment structure has been widely used in infrastructure PPP projects. However, existing research absent on the structural unbalance problem of current This study aims to construct an optimal proportion total payment, and then design a for Firstly, definition performance-linked rate is introduced characterize payment. Secondly, based different objectives maximum social ben...

Previous research has found Medicare risk contract enrollees to be healthier than beneficiaries in fee-for-service (FFS). Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) data were used to examine trends in health and functional status measures among risk contract and FFS enrollees from 1991 to 2004. Risk contract enrollees reported better health and functioning, but the differences tended to narrow ...

Ethereum’s smart contracts present an attractive incentive toward participating in the network. Deploying a smart contract allows a user to run a distributed application (Dapp) that includes storage, payment features, and cryptographic services all within the context of just a contract script and its layout. However, recently exploited vulnerabilities in the Solidity smart contract language hav...

I examine robust incentive provision in a dynamic agency model where the agent disagrees with the principal on how he should be evaluated and paid. I use reference points to capture the incentive payment that the agent thinks he deserves and let him inflict a disagreement cost on the principal whenever the incentive payment based on the actual output falls short of its counterpart based on the ...

Consignment contracts have been widely employed in many industries. Under such contracts, items are sold at a retailer’s but the supplier retains the full ownership of the inventory until purchased by consumers; the supplier collects payment from the retailer based on actual units sold. We investigate how competition among retailers influences the supply chain decisions and profits under differ...

Financial corporations provide financial services that may be paid for explicitly or implicitly. Explicit financial services are directly observable as charges mainly in association with the acquisition and disposal of financial assets and liabilities or with insurance and pension schemes. However, any complete measurement of the production of financial services has to take account of the value...

Murabahah is one of the contracts sale goods by a person to another under an agreement whereby seller obliges himself disclose buyer cost sold buyer, whether that on cash basis or deferred payment. The has margin profit included in price agreed be sold. It cost-plus markup sale, which ideal contract Islamic Law. basic theme this research paper highlight significance as simple for protection con...

Problem setting. One of the legal consequences breach obligations (including vehicle hire agreement) is payment forfeit both a way to enforce commitments and extent civil liability rights remedy Despite fact that significant amount research has been devoted study forfeit, legislation governing issue in relation hiring imperfect needs be amended accordingly. Analysis resent researches publicatio...