OBJECTIVE To examine the reliability of reported rates of caesarean sections from developing countries and make recommendations on how data collection for surveys and health facility-based studies could be improved. METHODS Population-based rates for caesarean section obtained from two sources: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and health facility-based records of caesarean sections from t...

The ages at which females establish marital union and give first birth depend on and result in varying demographic features. Utilizing the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data, this study examined determinants of first birth interval. The analysis was made using Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan Meier plot based on data collected from 10,240 ever-married women in the age group 15...

West Africa has a rapidly growing population, an increasing fraction of which lives in urban informal settlements characterized by inadequate infrastructure and relatively high health risks. Little is known, however, about the spatial or health characteristics of cities in this region or about the spatial inequalities in health within them. In this article we show how we have been creating a da...

Gender-based violence (GBV) is widespread globally and has myriad adverse health effects but is vastly underreported. Few studies address the extent of reporting bias in existing estimates. We provide bounds for underestimation of reporting of GBV to formal and informal sources conditional on having experiencedGBVand characterize differences between women who report and those who do not. We ana...

BACKGROUND Although increased retroversion of the glenoid has been shown to be an important factor in posterior instability of the shoulder, there are few studies reporting glenoid bone structure as a risk factor in anterior dislocation of the shoulder. This study aimed to compare glenoid version in patients with anterior dislocation of the shoulder and individuals in a control group with no sh...

BACKGROUND Attachment theory is one of the most important achievements of contemporary psychology. Role of medical students in the community health is important, so we need to know about the situation of happiness and attachment style in these students. OBJECTIVES This study was aimed to assess the relationship between medical students' attachment styles and demographic characteristics. MAT...

— Land rights equity is seen as an important tool for increasing empowerment and economic welfare for women in developing countries. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to empirically examine the role of women’s land ownership, either alone or jointly, as a means of improving their intra-household bargaining power in the areas of own healthcare, major household purchases, and visiting f...

Global estimates on under-five mortality are produced on a yearly basis by the Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, which includes UNICEF, WHO, The World Bank, UN Population Division, Harvard University and others. The Interagency group was created in 2004 to share data and ensure consistency among the estimates previously produced separately by UNICEF, WHO and The World Bank. Sin...

OBJECTIVES To analyze data from recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted in 21 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to examine patterns of interpregnancy intervals, unmet need, pregnancy risk and family planning method use and method mix among women 0-23 months postpartum. STUDY DESIGN Secondary analysis of postpartum women aged 15-49 years in 22 DHS surveys from 21 LMICs con...

Poverty alleviation is a major indicator to decide whether economic growth is of benefit to the poor in a society. This study therefore addressed the extent of non-income poverty alleviation between 1999 and 2008, using the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data. The fuzzy method and two stage least square approaches were used to analyze the data. The results show that between 1999 and 2003, ...