Whether a direct or indirect approach is taken when faced with a patient requiring restorative treatment, creating and designing natural occlusal surfaces is not only a challenge, but also important to achieve proper bite registration, occlusion, and masticatory function. The indirect restoration described in this article features a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM)-gen...

In this paper, we describe a solid freeform fabrication procedure for human dental restoration via porcelain slurry micro-extrusion. Based on submicron-sized dental porcelain powder obtained via ball milling process, a porcelain slurry formulation has been developed. The formulation developed allows the porcelain slurry to show a pseudoplastic behavior and moderate viscosity, which permits the ...

An overall treatment with dental implant consist of several essential parts, including a superstructure containing fixture (part of the implant embedding in the bone), abutment (a machined tapered prepared superstructure attached to the fixture), a retainer (which hold the aesthetic portion of the restoration) and the crown (aesthetic part of the restoration). In this common kind of restoration...

The purpose of this pilot investigation was to measure the co-efficient of friction of a cast cobaltchromium alloy specimen and three materials commonly found on the guiding surfaces of the teeth. The static .co-efficients of friction between dental cobalt-chromium alloy (before and after electropolishing) and tooth enamel, composite resin, and dental amalgam alloy were measured using an inclin...

The field of restoration ecology represents an emerging synthesis of ecological theory and concern about human impact on the natural world. Restoration ecology can be viewed as the study of how to repair anthropogenic damage to the integrity of ecological systems. However, attempts to repair ecological damage should not diminish protection of existing healthy ecosystems. Restoration ecology all...

The aim of this study was to use a non-tactile optical measurement system to assess the effects of three bleaching agents' concentrations on the surface roughness of dental restoration materials. Two composites (Grandio, Venus) and one glass ionomer cement (Ketac Fil Plus) were used in this in vitro study. Specimens were treated with three different bleaching agents (16% and 22% carbamide perox...

Tooth fractures are often reported as emergencies in dental practice. Coronal of the anterior teeth a prevalent cause trauma children and teenagers. It's tragic situation that necessitates prompt care quick functional esthetic repair. The clinician's main difficulty when dealing with these types injuries is to re-establish natural esthetics traumatized tooth. There several therapeutic options f...

We study the production of hadrons in nucleus-nucleus collisions within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach that is extended to incorporate essentials aspects of chiral symmetry restoration (CSR) in the hadronic sector (via the Schwinger mechanism) on top of the deconfinement phase transition as implemented in PHSD. The essential impact of CSR is found in the Schwinger m...

Fifty patients with temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome were examined. Seventy-eight percent and 32 percent were female and male respectively. The white collar workers were more frequently affected. Emotional stress, dental malocclusion and a history of trauma were the main causes. Treatment consists of reassurance, relaxed jaw movements and exercises, anxiolytic drugs, thermotherapy, b...