ground penetrating radar (gpr) and magnetic methods were used at ghasr-e-shirin town in kermanshah province, southwest of iran for detecting a series of large ancient (ca 1500 years) underground cavities (tagh). the area of study is a historical monument which is named as emarat e khosro. radar and total intensity magnetic field measurements have been done on the eastern part of the complex, wh...

• Connections in Rn . We have by now defined a number of different notions of differentiation: the differential of maps between manifolds, the exterior derivative of differential forms, and the Lie derivative. To begin to see the need for a new notion of differentiation (which will turn out to be the most fundamental and will apply to general tensor fields) consider first the problem of definin...

A plethora of applications from Computational Sciences can be identified for a system nonlinear equations in an abstract space. These are mostly solved with iterative method because analytical does not exist such problems. The convergence the is established by sufficient conditions. Recently, there has been surge development high order methods. Local results reveal degree difficulty when choosi...

We survey recent results on the structure of the range of the derivative of a smooth mapping f between two Banach spaces X and Y . We recall some necessary conditions and some sufficient conditions on a subsetA of (X ,Y) for the existence of a Fréchet differentiable mapping f from X into Y so that f ′(X)= A. Whenever f is only assumed Gâteaux differentiable, new phenomena appear: for instance, ...

approximating the solution of differential equations of fractional order is necessary because fractional differential equations have extensively been used in physics, chemistry as well as engineering fields. in this paper with central difference approximation and newton cots integration formula, we have found approximate solution for a class of boundary value problems of fractional order. three...

potential field methods such as gravity and magnetic methods are among the most applied geophysical methods in mineral exploration. a high-resolution technique is developed to image geologic boundaries such as contacts and faults. potential field derivatives are the basis of many interpretation techniques. in boundary detection, the analytic signal quantity is defined by combining the val...

Simple, fast and reliable derivative spectrophotometric methods were developed for determination of olanzapine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The solutions of standard and the sample were prepared in methanol. The quantitative determination of the drug was carried out using the first derivative values measured at 222 nm and the second derivative values measured at 230 nm (n=6). Calibr...

Background: Chlorotoxin is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the Leiurus quinquestriatus which blocks small-conductance chloride channels. Chlorotoxin binds preferentially to glioma cells that allow development of new methods for the treatment and diagnosis of several types of cancer. Thus chlorotoxin derivative was labeled with 131I for further investigation. Materials and...