Cyanide is generated in larvae of the glucosinolate-specialist Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera:Pieridae) upon ingestion of plant material containing phenylalanine-derived glucosinolates as chemical defenses. As these glucosinolates were widespread within ancient Brassicales, the ability to detoxify cyanide may therefore have been essential for the host plant shift of Pierid species from Fabales to Br...

The efficacy of a bio compound, Protecto (Bacillus thuringiensis) and botanicals extract (mixture ginger, garlic, hot red pepper extracts aloe vera) either in combination with Trichogramma evanescens releases or alone was evaluated comparison to an insecticide, Uphold 36% SC (Methoxyfenozide/ Spinetoram) on Pieris rapae cauliflower Brassica oleracea. Field experiments were conducted at Atfih Di...