OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the prevalence of cerebral hypoperfusion without focal cerebral lesions in patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD), and the relationship between areas of hypoperfusion and cognitive impairment. METHODS Twenty-six MMD patients were included. Patients were categorized according to the presence/absence of hypoperfusion in the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes...

We measured digit span (DS) in two experiments that used computerized presentation of randomized auditory digits with performance-adapted list length adjustment. A new mean span (MS) metric of DS was developed that showed reduced variance, improved test-retest reliability, and higher correlations with the results of other neuropsychological test results when compared to traditional DS measures....

Deaf children who are native users of American Sign Language (ASL) and hearing children who are native English speakers performed three working memory tasks. Results indicate that language modality shapes the architecture of working memory. Digit span with forward and backward report, performed by each group in their native language, suggests that the language rehearsal mechanisms for spoken la...

Rauscher, Shaw, and Ky recently reported that exposure to brief periods of music by Mozart produced a temporary increase in performance on tasks taken from the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale-IV. The present study examined whether this effect occurred in performance on a backwards digit span task. In a within-subjects design 36 undergraduates were exposed to 10-min. periods of Mozart music, a...

The Trail Making Test and Digit Span are neuropsychological tests widely used to assess executive abilities following stroke. The Trails B and Digits Backward conditions of these tests are thought to be more sensitive to executive impairment related to frontal lobe dysfunction than the Trails A and Digits Forward conditions. Trails B and Digits Backward are also thought to be more sensitive to ...

The relationship between ethnicity and cognitive test performance was examined in a sample of 161 patients referred for evaluation at a public hospital-affiliated neuropsychology clinic; 83 patients were Caucasian (non-Hispanic), 31 were African-American, 30 were Hispanic, and 17 were Asian. Significant group differences were present on some measures of language (Boston Naming Test), attention ...

In a previous work [12, 11], the authors proposed SPAN: a learning algorithm based on temporal coding for Spiking Neural Network (SNN). The algorithm trains a neuron to associate target spike patterns to input spatio-temporal spike patterns. In this paper we present the details of experiment to evaluate the feasibility of SPAN learning on a real-world dataset: classifying images of handwritten ...

It is recommended that performance validity be assessed in all neuropsychological cases involving external incentive. The present study sought to develop an embedded performance validity measure based on the Spatial Span task of the Wechsler Memory Scale-III in a sample of litigating persistent postconcussion complainants. The Reliable Spatial Span (RSS) calculation had specificity, sensitivity...

In a group of 20 abstinent alcoholics, the amount of REM sleep was correlated with the degree of Digit Span scatter from the modified verbal mean of the WAIS. The Digits Backward component was more strongly related to REM time than was the Digits Forward component, suggesting an association between reduced REM sleep time and short-term memory impairment.

Assessment of attention is a key issue in the study of neuropsychological development. In this study we collected Hebrew norms for four frequently used attention tests (Trail Making, Digit-Symbol, Digit Span, and Digit Cancellation), analyzed the developmental sensitivity of each test and traced changes in attention across ages. The tests were administered to 809 boys and girls ranging in age f...