Four new sulfur-containing compounds, named clinamides A-C (1-3), and 2-cis-entadamide A (4), were isolated together with three known compounds from the bioactive ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Clinacanthus nutans. These secondary metabolites possess sulfur atoms and acrylamide functionalities. The structures of the isolated components were established by interpretation of their spectro...

Having knowledge of stability of an underground space depends on stresses and strains around it. Creating underground tunnels leads to significant changes in the rock mass stress. Therefore, to achieve the necessary stability, stresses and deformations around the tunnel must be examined carefully. Usually, stress-strain behavior analysis is conducted in two-dimensional mode. This paper was cond...

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products are extraordinarily heterogeneous due to the presence of a variety of enzymatic and chemical modifications, such as deamidation, isomerization, oxidation, glycosylation, glycation, terminal cyclization, aggregation, and fragmentation. Forced degradation study is a common practice to assess the potential modifications and degradation pathways of mAbs upon extre...

Hierarchically integrated nanoscale ionic conductors, including ion channels and ion pumps on cell membrane, are the structural and functional basis of the electric organ in many strong bioelectrogenesis systems, such as the electric eel (Electrophorus electricus), which is capable of generating electrical potentials of up to 600 V to stun prey and self-defense [1]. Recently, scientists have bu...

Following the trend of increased integration in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, we have explored the potential of implementing light filters by using patterned metal layers placed on top of each pixel's photodetector. To demonstrate wavelength selectivity, we designed and prototyped integrated color pixels in a standard 0.18-microm CMOS technology. Transmittance of...

We have measured current-voltage characteristics of two-dimensional arrays of small tunnel junctions at temperatures from 1.5 K to 4.2 K. This corresponds to thermal energies larger than the charging energy. We show that 2D-arrays can be used as primary thermometers in the same way as 1D-arrays, and even have some advantages over 1D-arrays. We have carried out Monte Carlo simulations, which agr...

We present a standing surface acoustic wave (SSAW) based approach to achieve one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) alignment of nanowires (NWs). Our SSAW-based nanowire-aligning technique can be used to construct large-scale (e.g., centimeter scale) network of nanowires within 5 min. In this approach, we use interdigital transducers deposited on a piezoelectric substrate to generate dif...

We study the thermodynamic properties of a 2D array of coupled one-dimensional Bose gases. The system is realized with ultracold bosonic atoms loaded in the potential tubes of a two-dimensional optical lattice. For negligible coupling strength, each tube is an independent weakly interacting 1D Bose gas featuring Tomonaga Luttinger liquid behavior. By decreasing the lattice depth, we increase th...

For conventional dye or quantum dot sensitized solar cells, which are fabricated using mesoporous films, the inefficient electron transport due to defects such as grain boundaries and surface traps is a major drawback. To simultaneously increase the carrier transport efficiency as well as the surface area, optimal-assembling of hierarchical nanostructures is an attractive approach. Here, a thre...

Four novel ZnII coordination polymers, [(ZnCl₂)₂(L)₂]n (1), [(ZnBr₂)₂(L)₂]n (2), and [(ZnI₂)₂(L)₂]n (3) and {[Zn(SCN)₂]1.5(L)₃}n (4), have been synthesized based on 4'-ferrocenyl-3,2':6',3''-terpyridine with ZnII ions and different coordination anions under similar ambient conditions. Their structures have been confirmed using single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, showing that complexes 1-...