The membrane glycopeptides of normal and chemically transformed malignant cell lines derived from rat kidney were investigated by gel permeation chromatography. The cell lines, which were metabolically labeled with i_-{5,6-3H]fucose or o-[63H]glucosamine, were derived from rats treated in vivo with a carcinogenic dose of dimethylnitrosamine to induce both mesenchymal and cortical epithelial tum...

Dimethylnitrosamine is metabolized to form an alkylating intermediate, which may have significance for its carcinogenic action. However, certain other compounds that are known to be highly mutagenic, including nitrous acid and hydroxylamine, might also be formed. Owing to the general reactivity of these compounds, it would be difficult to detect their formation in the intact animal. Instead, th...

Freshly isolated liver cells of guinea pig were used to study the metabolism of NDMA in the concentration range 0.05 to 100 microM. Analysis was performed using the gas chromatograph-thermal energy analyzer nitrosamine detector method and with radiolabeled NDMA. At concentrations below 10 microM, NDMA was degraded by liver cells (10 mg of protein in 2.5 ml of medium) within 20 min (at 100 micro...

In this study, the draft genome of Rhodococcus sp. strain ENV425 was determined. The propane-grown strain ENV425 cometabolically degrades environmental contaminants such as methyl tert-butyl ether and N-nitrosodimethylamine. The sequence revealed the presence of multiple hydrocarbon metabolic genes that could play pivotal roles in the biodegradation of pollutants.

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a member of a family of extremely potent carcinogens, the N-nitrosamines. Until recently, concerns about NDMA mainly focused on the presence of NDMA in food, consumer products, and polluted air. However, current concern focuses on NDMA as a drinking water contaminant resulting from reactions occurring during chlorination or via direct industrial contamination. B...

The pharmacokinetics of N-nitrosodimethylamine was studied in patas monkeys following i.v. doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg and a p.o. dose of 1.0 mg/kg, and in Swiss mice at i.v. doses of 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg. In the patas monkey the pharmacokinetics was linear over the i.v. dose range studied. The mean clearance (Cl), steady-state volume of distribution (Vss), mean residence time, and eliminatio...

Previous studies modeled NDMA formation during chlorine disinfection as arising from the oxidation of an unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine intermediate formed from the reaction of monochloramine and dimethylamine. However, chlorination of wastewater effluents indicated that this mechanism could not account for a significant portion of the observed NDMA formation. Laboratory studies indicated that...