Renewable energy provides twenty percent of electricity generation worldwide. Hydroelectric power is the cheapest way to generate electricity today. It is a renewable source of energy and provides almost one-fifth of electricity in the world. Also, it generates electricity using a renewable natural resource and accounting for six percent of worldwide energy supply or about fifteen percent of th...

A current source converter (CSC) based static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is a shunt flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) device, which has a vital role as a stability support for small and large transient instability in an interconnected power network. A robust linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based controller for CSCSTATCOM is proposed. In this paper, LQR based CSC-STATCOM is designe...

In electric power systems, finding optimal location and setting of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices represents a difficult optimisation problem. This is due to its discrete, multi-objective, multimodal and constrained nature. Finding near-global solutions in such a problem is very demanding. Brainstorm optimisation algorithm (BSOA) is a novel promising heuristic optimisation algo...

The FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices have great use in the Electric Power System (EPS) for dynamic control of active and reactive powers system. This work deals with a comparative analysis between effects caused distance protection transmission lines (TLs) by two these devices: STATCOM (Static Synchronous Compensator) SSSC Series Compensator). objective is to verify how connecti...

One of the major causes of voltage instability is the reactive power limit of the system. Improving the system's reactive power handling capacity via Flexible AC transmission System (FACTS) devices is a remedy for prevention of voltage instability and hence voltage collapse. In this paper, the effects of SVC and STATCOM in Static Voltage Stability Margin Enhancement will be studied. AC and DC r...

Flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) controllers, which can effectively enhance the loadability of the network by controlling the power flows, must be placed optimally due to their high cost. This paper proposes a mixed integer based non-linear programming approach for optimal location of UPFC for system loadability enhancement in competitive electricity markets. The method accounts for ac ...

The current social impact of new transmission and distribution lines and the growth in environmental requirements has not lead to the expansion of the electric power grid but to the optimization of the existing assets. Flexible AC Transmissions Systems (FACTS), developed during the last decades of the past century, have become one of the most remarkable solutions for the optimization of the ele...

Increasing demand for electricity has placed heavy stress on power system security. Therefore, this paper focuses on the problem of how to maximize power system static security in terms of branch loading and voltage level under normal operation and even the most critical single line contingency conditions. This paper proposes a hybrid approach to find out the optimal locations and settings of t...

Renewable energy is crucial for reducing emissions and meeting future demands. However, due to concerns regarding intermittent supply, integrating RE into a multi-microgrid system might pose various power problems, instance, unstable electrical output. As result, increased load reactive demands result in voltage losses during peak demand. Therefore, it can be minimized by utilizing Flexible Alt...

GSA; Real power loss; Reactive power planning; FACTS; Optimization Abstract In this paper, Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is used as optimization method in reactive power planning using FACTS (Flexible AC transmission system) devices. The planning problem is formulated as a single objective optimization problem where the real power loss and bus voltage deviations are minimized under diffe...