Despite a large number of ecological studies that document diversity loss resulting from anthropogenic disturbance, surprisingly few consider how disturbance affects temporal patterns of diversity that result from seasonal turnover of species. Temporal dynamics can play an important role in the structure and function of biological assemblages. Here, we investigate the temporal diversity pattern...

Green space is important for the maintenance of the ecological dimension of a sustainable urban landscape. Therefore, in order to figure out the relationship between the greening of urban parks and bird diversity, we used 5 avian ecological diversity indexes, such as Species richness, Abundance, ShannonWeiner diversity index, Evenness, and Margalef’s richness indices, to evaluate the functional...

Current models of signal evolution explain diversity by invoking a variety of social, perceptual and environmental factors. Social systems and spacing patterns determine the active space of signals and their function. Receiver sensory systems and habitat characteristics interact to constrain signal design. These factors are traditionally implicated in promoting directional evolutionary change, ...

introduction: water shortage is a crucial challenge that threatens future of landscape development in iran. naturally it intensifies by climate change that will be led to water stress of ecosystems. the water stress have confronted universities campus landscape with serious challenges especially those that located in arid and semi-arid areas such as center of iran. malayer university has had se...

Silvicultural operation need to notice the species diversity. To this study Gomarlang district in marivan region, northern zagros forest was selected. In this study 30 circle sample plots (500 m2) were collected by random method. In every sample plot the kind of species and number of trees and shrub were recorded. In the sample plots the micro plots of 5 m by 5 m (i.e. area of 25 m2) were desig...

Genetic diversity is one of the key evolutionary variables that correlate with population size, being of critical importance for population viability and the persistence of species. Genetic diversity can also have important ecological consequences within populations, and in turn, ecological factors may drive patterns of genetic diversity. However, the relationship between the genetic diversity ...

Evaluation of range conditions and plant diversity circumstances can help to rangeland managers who establish their managerial approaches on the basis of ecological capabilities of rangeland ecosystems. Hence, surveying of rangelands was done in four sites of northern Alborz Mt. including western Alborz (Masooleh site), west to middle Alborz (Javaherdeh site), central area (Polour site), and ea...

ecological destruction in human-dominated landscapes has significant impacts on environment sustainability internationally. landscape planning can play a role in mitigating the effects of human-related activities. one element of landscape planning involves the analysis of the biological, spatial and social arrangement of areas in an urban environment and identifying characteristics that are und...

We comment on a recent paper by Francis and Currie that reports a globally consistent relationship between plant family diversity in large geographic grid cells and factors in the physical environment. This relationship was interpreted as demonstrating local ecological determination of diversity, leaving little room for regional and historical effects. We suggest that using family richness to d...

Evolution has been shown to be a critical determinant of ecological processes in some systems, but its importance relative to traditional ecological effects is not well known. In addition, almost nothing is known about the role of coevolution in shaping ecosystem function. Here, we experimentally evaluated the relative effects of species invasion (a traditional ecological effect), evolution and...