The morphology of the DNP axis and RNP transcripts from Xenopus laevis lampbrush chromosomes has been analysed using a modified Miller spreading technique. Two basictypes of chromatin have been distinguished. (1) Discrete portions of DNP exhibiting high levels of transcriptive activity, with clear initiation and termination points (transcription units). Interspersed with the units are sequences...

Treatment of adult mice with dinitrophenyl (DNP) bound to isogeneic serum resulted in a specific inability to respond to DNP after challenge with DNP-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in complete Freund's adjuvant. The unresponsiveness to the hapten had all the characteristics of immunologic tolerance: it had a definite induction time; it was transient but could be maintained by additional inject...

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR (ssNMR) spectroscopy has the potential to enhance NMR signals by orders of magnitude and to enable NMR characterization of proteins which are inherently dilute, such as membrane proteins. In this work spin-labeled lipid molecules (SL-lipids), when used as polarizing agents, lead to large and relatively homogeneous DNP...

The epitope-specific regulatory system selectively controls IgG antibody production to the individual (haptenic) determinants on a complex antigen. This system can be specifically induced to suppress primary and secondary IgG antibody responses to dinitrophenyl hapten (DNP) without interfering with antibody responses to epitopes on the carrier molecule on which the DNP is presented. Furthermore...

The ability of the liver, small intestine, and kidney to synthesize and subsequently eliminate dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione (DNP-SG), a substrate for multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2), was assessed in rats treated with glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2, 12 μg/100 g b.wt. s.c. every 12 h for 5 consecutive days). An in vivo perfused jejunum model with simultaneous bile and urine collec...

The effects of mitochondrial uncoupling on skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptation and maximal exercise capacity are unknown. In this study, rats were divided into a control group (CTL, n = 8) and a group treated with 2,4-dinitrophenol, a mitochondrial uncoupler, for 28 days (DNP, 30 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1) in drinking water, n = 8). The DNP group had a significantly lower body mass (P < 0.05) and a...

Objective The dorsal horn P2Y13 receptor is involved in the development of pain behavior induced by peripheral nerve injury. It is unclear whether the expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 at the spinal dorsal horn are influenced after the activation of P2Y13 receptor in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). Methods A rat model of type 1 DNP was induced by ...

There has been a great deal of curiosity about the new Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP). I have been asked by my colleagues to share my story. "What is a DNP? What prompted you to seek a DNP? Why not a PhD? How will this degree help you in your career? Where will you practice?" Approached with so many questions and general curiosity, I decided to share my story.

We report the effects of ligand presentation on the binding of aqueous proteins to solid supported lipid bilayers. Specifically, we show that the equilibrium dissociation constant can be strongly affected by ligand lipophilicity and linker length/structure. The apparent equilibrium dissociation constants (K(D)) were compared for two model systems, biotin/anti-biotin and 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)/...

Abstract. NMR-based analysis of metabolite mixtures provides crucial information on biological systems but mostly relies 1D 1H experiments for maximizing sensitivity. However, strong peak overlap spectra often is a limitation the inherently complex mixtures. Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP) improves NMR sensitivity by several orders magnitude, which enables 13C metabolites at na...